The Cell Cycle
What are the two main parts of the cell cycle?
Interphase and Mitosis (M Phase)
What are the 4 phases of Mitosis in order?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase & Cytokinesis
How many divisions occur in meiosis?
2
Which one produces two identical diploid cells?
Mitosis
What holds sister chromatids together?
Centromere
During which part of interphase does the cell grow?
G1 phase
Which phase do chromosomes line up in the middle?
What process creates genetic variation by trading DNA between chromosomes?
Crossing over
Which process results in four unique haploid cells?
Meiosis
What are the identical copies of a chromatid called?
Sister chromatids
What happens during the S phase?
DNA Replication
Which phase do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase
What are the differences between meiosis I and meiosis II regarding chromosomes?
Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes and Meiosis II separates sister chromatids.
Which one occurs in somatic (body) cells?
Mitosis
Which type of reproduction uses mitosis?
Asexual reproduction
What is placed along the cell cycle to check if the cell is growing correctly?
A checkpoint
When does the nuclear membrane reform around the chromosomes and a cleavage furrow or cell plate is formed?
Telophase
What types of cells are produced by meiosis?
Haploid gametes or sperm and egg cells
Which one includes crossing over?
Which phase does a cell spend about 90% of its life?
Interphase
Which checkpoint checks to ensure DNA replication occurred properly?
S phase
What is the structure that pulls the chromatids apart during mitosis?
Spindle Fibers
During which phase do homologous chromosomes line up in pairs?
Metaphase I
What is the chromosome number difference in Mitosis and Meiosis end results?
Meiosis - 4 cells with 23 chromosomes each
What is it called if a person has a 3rd copy of chromosome 21?
Down Syndrome