Vocabulary
One half of a duplicated chromosome is a __________.
What is a chromatid?
This is the phase of mitosis and meiosis where the nuclear envelope disappears and centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell.
How many rounds of cell division does Meiosis involve?
2
what is Ms. Almond's favorite unit in biology?
evolution
What do Mitosis and Meiosis both produce?
cells
what does diploid mean?
2 full sets of chromosomes from 2 different parents
Meiosis occurs to produce _________.
Gametes
How many cells are produced by meiosis?
4
What are the four main phases of Mitosis?
Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase
What cell division process is involved in asexual reproduction, and which one is involved in sexual reproduction?
mitosis - asexual
meiosis - sexual
Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides and 2 cells are finally formed
Cytokinesis
A _____ cell only has 1 set of chromosomes
haploid (gametes)
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when meiosis is complete?
23
How many genetically identical daughter cells does Mitosis produce?
2 daughter cells
What are 2 differences in the cells produced in mitosis and meiosis?
Meiosis - 4 cells, different DNA
Mitosis - 2 cells, identical
the middle region of the chromosome where chromatids and the spindle fibers attach.
What is the Centromere?
In ________phase, a complete set of identical chromosomes have totally separated, are positioned at each pole of the cell and new nuclei start to form around them.
What is telophase?
When are homologous chromosomes divided?
meiosis I
How is Interphase connected to Mitosis?
it prepares the cell to divide, checks for mutations, and provides time for the duplication of organelles and DNA
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when mitosis is complete?
How many does it have when meiosis is complete
46 mitosis
23 meiosis
Two matching paired chromosomes; one from your mother, one from your father.
What are Homologous Chromosomes?
The ______ produces the spindle fibers that separate sister chromatids during mitosis or homologous pairs in meiosis
centrioles
What are 2 reasons meiosis is important for life on Earth?
creates gametes for sexual reproduction
scrambles DNA, creating genetic diversity amongst a species
This phase of mitosis is where the spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes and begin pulling the chromatids to opposite sides of the cell.
Anaphase
The sperm has _________ as many chromosomes as a skin cell
half