Vocabulary
A version of a gene
Allele
Meiosis occurs to produce _________.
What are Gametes?
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when meiosis is complete?
What is 23?
what does Diploid mean?
the number of chromosomes in daughter cells after mitosis, 2N
How many rounds of cell division does Meiosis involve? How many for mitosis?
2 for meiosis, 1 for mitosis
Define Dominant and recessive genes
dominant = just one copy and it will be expressed
recessive - need 2 copies for it to be expressed.
In Mitosis, both parent and daughter cells are _______.
What are Diploid + identical Cells?
Why are there two Meiosis divisions?
so you end up with 4 haploid cells
What are the four main phases of Mitosis?
- Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase
What do Mitosis and Meiosis both produce?
What are cells
the middle region of the chromosome where chromatids and the spindle fibers attach.
What is the Centromere?
The sperm has _________ as many chromosomes as a skin cell
What is half?
when you make an egg cell what are the 3 smaller not fully formed cells called?
Polar Bodies
How many genetically identical daughter cells does Mitosis produce?
2 daughter cells
What cell division process is involved in asexual reproduction, and which one is involved in sexual reproduction?
What are mitosis for asexual and meiosis for sexual
Define Genotype and define Phenotype
Genotype - what are your genes. ex Aa
Phenotype - what you express. ex brown hair
In ________phase, a complete set of identical chromosomes have totally separated, are positioned at each pole of the cell and new nuclei start to form around them.
What is telophase?
what does independent assortment mean?
if your parent has 2 different alleles its random which one you get.
How is Interphase connected to Mitosis?
What is it prepares the cell to divide and provides time for the duplication of organelles and for DNA replication.
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when mitosis is complete?
How many does it have when meiosis is complete
46 mitosis
23 meiosis
define Homologous and give an example
homologous - same AA or aa
One half of a duplicated chromosome is a __________.
What is a chromatid?
why is crossing over important?
increases genetic diversity -> all 4 cells at the end have different DNA
Why is it important for chromosomes to be compact/untangled during Mitosis?
What is-not easily broken -the correct amounts of chromosomes end up in each new cell
What are 3 differences in the results of the cells between Mitosis and Meiosis?
What is mitosis results in diploid cells, Meiosis results in haploid cells, meiosis gametes, mitosis body cells,
meiosis sexual vs mitosis asexual