Mitosis
What is the purpose of Mitosis?
Growth and repair
What is the purpose of Meiosis?
To produce gametes
Each half of a duplicated chromosome.
Sister Chromatid
The cell prepares to divide in this phase of Interphase.
G2 phase
What is the cell cycle?
The life cycle of a cell.
Chromatid pairs line up at the center of the cell, and centrioles are at opposite poles in this phase.
Metaphase of Mitosis
Crossing over occurs in this phase.
Prophase of Meiosis I
A fertilized egg when 2 gametes meet, it is Diploid.
Zygote
What is the number of chromosomes in a human's gamete?
23
What is a somatic cell?
A body cell
Nuclear membrane reforms, chromosomes uncoil, and spindle fibers dissolve in this phase.
Telophase of Mitosis
Nuclear Membranes reform the cells split.
Telophase of Meiosis I
A tightly coiled strand of DNA.
Chromosome
How many pairs of chromosomes does a human have in their somatic cells?
23 Pairs
Attaches to chromosomes to help move them during cell division.
Sister Chromatids separate and spindle fibers pull chromosomes apart to opposite ends of the cell in this phase.
Anaphase of Mitosis
Homologous chromosomes separate and go to opposite ends of the cell, sister chromatids are not split at this time, and centromeres are still intact, and homologous chromosomes go to random sides in this phase.
Anaphase I of Meiosis
What is the symbol for a diploid cell? What is the symbol for a haploid cell?
2n= Diploid, n= haploid
The cell replicates its DNA in this stage of Interphase.
S phase
The middle of a chromosome where 2 sister chromatids are joint together.
Centromere
DNA shortens and thickens to form a chromosome, Nuclear membrane begins to dissolve, and spindle fibers form in this phase.
Prophase of Mitosis
Sister chromatids finally split, and go to opposite poles in this phase.
Anaphase of Meiosis II
A chromosome with the exact same size, shape, and gene as another chromosome
Homologous Chromosome
When 2 homologous chromosomes exchange DNA.
Crossing over
A cell with half a set of DNA
A haploid cell/n