Ident-A-Phase
Identify the phase of Mitosis that this Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (hiPS) Cell is in. Video from AllenCell.org
Microtubules M7 from Allen Institute on Vimeo.
What is Telophase/Cytokinesis?
Initial growth phase of the cell.
What is G1?
A chemical messneger whose purpose is to initiate a Cellular Response.
What is a Ligand?
Auxins are a group of plant hormones that play vital roles in mediating growth and development. Auxin is transported through plant tissue by passive diffusion. A recent study revealed that as the root tips of plants grow, there is an influx of auxin. The researchers genetically modified root cells to lack plasmodesmata and exposed the root cells to auxin; the roots did not grow. Therefore, they concluded that auxin must travel through plasmodesmata to allow for root tip growth.
What is Plasmodesmata?
An identical pair Chromatids formed via DNA Replication in the S phase of Interphase.
What are Sister Chromatids?
Identify the phase of Mitosis that this Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (hiPS) Cell is in. Video from AllenCell.org
Microtubules M2 from Allen Institute on Vimeo.
What is Prophase?
If the cell does not pass through this checkpoint, it is sent to G0.
What is G1?
The conversion of an Extracellular Signal into an Intracellular Signal, that will bring about a Cellular Response.
What is Transduction?
During physical activity, heart rate increases. Endothelial cells in the body sense the increased heart rate and release nitric oxide. Nitric oxide relaxes nearby smooth muscle, which means blood vessels expand allowing for increased blood flow through the body.
What is Paracrine Signaling?
When Cancer Cells seperate from the Tumor site and spread within the rest of the body.
Identify the phase of Mitosis that this Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (hiPS) Cell is in. Video from AllenCell.org
Microtubules M6 from Allen Institute on Vimeo.
What is Anaphase?
This checkpoint looks for correct DNA Replication.
What is G2?
Specialized intercellular connections between the Plasma Membranes of Animal Cells that allow for various molecules to pass through.
What are Gap Junctions?
In order for a muscle contraction to occur, nerve cells must signal to muscle cells. Motor nerves that signal to skeletal muscles release acetylcholine, which will bind to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscles and cause a contraction.
What is Synaptic Signaling?
Enzymes that have specific regulatory effects that Phosphorylate Target Proteins.
*Phosphorylate - To introduce a phosphate group into a molecule or compound; usually done by Protein Kinase.
What are Cyclin-Dependent Kinases?
Identify the phase of Mitosis that this Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (hiPS) Cell is in. Video from AllenCell.org
Microtubules M3 from Allen Institute on Vimeo.
What is (Early) Prometaphase?
This checkpoint looks for Mitotic Spindle Fiber formation?
What is M?
Located in the Plasma Membrane, the receptors there act as a "gate" to allow for Diffusion of specific ions and initiates events for a Cellular Response.
What are Ligand-Gated Ion Channels?
Embryonic stem cells are of great interest to researchers as they are pluripotent, meaning they can become many different cell types as they grow and differentiate. So how do embryonic stem cells “know” what cell to become? Researchers have discovered embryonic stem cell markers, which are molecules expressed on the surface of the cells that interact and signal to adjacent cells through channels comprised of the protein connexin.
What is Gap Junctions?
Proteins that make up the Internal Control System of a cell that is involved with the regulation of the cell while it is progressing through the different stages of its life.
What are Cyclins?
Identify the phase of Mitosis that this Human Induced Pluripotent Stem (hiPS) Cell is in. Video from AllenCell.org
Microtubules M5 from Allen Institute on Vimeo.
What is Metaphase?
If the cell does not pass this checkpoint, the cell may go through Apoptosis.
What is G2?
Small, Non-Protein molecules & ions that amplify the message and amplify the response within a cell.
What are Second Messengers?
The thyroid is a butterfly shaped gland located on the front side of the neck. The thyroid produces three main hormones: triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, and calcitonin. These thyroid hormones can generate signaling pathways that lead to the cell proliferation and regulation of metabolic activity.
Where Cell Surface Receptors recognize contact with other cells in which it initiates Signal Transduction; stopping the Cell Cycle in the G1 phase.
What is Contact Inhibition?