Mitosis
What are the 4 Stages
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
What are the two types of reproduction.
Sexual and Asexual
The cycle consists of five major phases what are they?
G1 (first gap) S (synthesis) G2 (second gap)
mitosis - the division of the nucleus
cytokinesis - the division of the cytoplasm
there are two of each kind of chromosome in each cell.
Diploid
two chromosomes that have the same kinds of genes (alleles) in the same order
Homologous Pair
The centromeres divide and the chromatids move to opposite sides of the cell.
Anaphase
the reduction of a cell’s chromosome number from diploid to haploid by two consecutive cell divisions
Meiosis
Before a cell can begin mitosis and actually divide, it must form duplicates of its chromosomes and produce a supply of organelles for the
two daughter cells.
a diploid cell formed by the union of two haploid gametes
Zygote
When an injury, like a cut in the skin occurs, the cells at the edge of the injury begin to________ _________
divide rapidly
Takes between 30 minutes and 2 hours.
(Hint: The answer is easier than you think.)
Mitosis
during synapsis the chromatids are very close together and sometimes the genetic information can be transferred between chromosomes
Crossing-over
Why is mitosis important?
Allows cells to replicate resulting in identical daughter cells.
Allows for growth + repair
the process of forming a zygote, also known as the union of gametes
Fertilization
usually either a sperm or an ovum, which is produced by most organisms
Heterogamete
Which one isn't a results of Mitosis
1. In unicellular plants and animals, it results in new offspring by asexual reproduction.
2. In single cellular organisms, it results in the growth and repair of the organism.
In single cellular organisms, it results in the growth and repair of the organism.
one of a pair of genes that have the same position
Allele
In what phase do Microtubules form a complete spindle. Be specific
Late prophase
the union of haploid gametes resulting in a diploid zygote.
Sexual reproduction
the formation of ovum During the Cytokinesis of Meiosis I most of the cytoplasm is given to one of the two cells, and the one that receives the smaller amount becomes the first polar body
Oogenesis
What is condensed genetic material called?
Chromatids
when homologous chromosomes pair up forming a structure called a tetrad
Synapsis
When cells come into contact with other cells, they respond by
not growing
when all the gametes are the same
Isogametes
the formation of sperm
Produces four functional gametes
Two sets of identical sperm
Flagellum moves the sperm toward the ovum
Spermatogenesis