Particle model of Matter
What are the three main states of matter?
Solids, Liquids, and gases
What is the formula for Density?
Density = Mass ÷ Volume.
What word describes how thick or resistant to flow a liquid is?
Viscosity
Can liquids be easily compressed?
No
What is a solute?
The substance that gets dissolved
According to the particle model, what happens to particles when heat is added?
They move faster and spread apart.
If an object floats, is it more or less dense than the fluid?
Less dense
Does a high-viscosity liquid flow fast or slow?
Slow
Which state of matter is easily compressed?
Gases
What is a solvent?
The substance that does the dissolving
What state of matter has particles that vibrate but do NOT move from place to place?
Solids
A 50 g object takes up 10 mL of space. What is its density?
5 g/mL.
If you heat syrup, what happens to its viscosity?
It decreases; syrup flows faster.
What happens to fluid pressure as depth increases?
Pressure increases.
What happens to the solubility of most solids when temperature increases?
It increases
What is the name for the change from liquid to gas below the boiling point?
Evaporation
What force pushes upward on an object in a fluid?
Buoyant force
What two factors affect viscosity of fluids in Grade 8 science?
Particle attraction + temperature.
Why does a marshmallow shrink when the air pressure around it increases?
Gas inside compresses
When a substance cannot dissolve anymore, the solution is…?
Saturated
Explain why gases are easy to compress compared to solids and liquids
Gas particles are far apart with lots of empty space.
Why does a steel ship float even though steel is denser than water?
The ship’s overall density (including air inside) is less than water.
Explain why ketchup sometimes needs to be shaken to flow.
It has high viscosity because particles stick strongly together.
Explain why airplane cabins must be pressurized
Air pressure is too low at high altitude for humans to breathe safely.
Explain the difference between a suspension and a solution.
Suspension = particles settle; solution = particles stay evenly mixed and do not settle.