Breeding/Repro
A cow or heifer standing still while allowing herd mates to mount her is a primary sign of this
Estrus (Heat)
Kind of bedding that supports the least amount of bacteria growth
Sand
Most essential nutrient needed in the greatest quantity by dairy heifers
Water
Breed that had the greatest positive change in Lifetime Net Merit $ with the April 2025 genetic base change
Holstein
The largest dairy cooperative in the United States
Dairy Farmers of America Inc. (DFA)
This hormone is produced by follicular cells and is responsible for the signs of heat
Estrogen
Recommended stall width for adult cows
48 inches
Cud-chewing generates the production of this, which contains a natural antacid that helps buffer the rumen and encourage better digestion
Saliva
Frequency the genetic base change takes place
Every five years
Position where U.S. ranks globally for butter imports
Third
Average length of the estrus cycle in cows and heifers
21 days
Type of housing system where cows remain in an assigned stall for most of the time, with free choice access to food and water
Tie-Stall Barn
What is the ideal moisture content of high-quality dry hay?
15-18%
Organization that calculates genetic proofs and oversees the genetic base change every five years
Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding
Top dairy trading partner for the U.S.
Mexico
The lifespan of sperm in the bovine reproductive tract
24 hours
The use of wood products like shavings for bedding is associated with the presence of this mastitis-causing pathogen
Klebsiella
4. Number of weeks usually required for corn silage to ferment
4 to 6 weeks
A bull with a predicted transmitting ability for milk of +1,000 is expected to have daughters that produce this many more pounds of milk than the average cow born in 2020
1,000 pounds
State with the highest number of certified organic dairy farms
New York
Number of hours ovulation occurs after the beginning of standing heat
28 hours
A farm should aim to keep the pack moisture below this level in a compost-bedded pack barn
60%
5. Amount of stubble that should be left when cutting hay to keep the crop off the ground, improving drying time by preventing possible moisture wicking.
3 inches
Pounds of milk yield progress in Holsteins since the last genetic base change
750 pounds
This French company is the world's largest dairy company
Lactalis