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1807
British bans the trans-Atlantic slave trade
1776
Decl. of Independence
1804
Haitian Independence
1767
The invention of the spinning jenny
1776
Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations
1861-1870
Italian Unification
1815
Congress of Vienna
1839
1st Opium War
1839-1878
Tanzimat Reform
1898
Spanish-America War (US acquires Phillippines, Cuba, Guam, & Puerto Rico)
Suez Canal
1869 - The creation of the Suez Canal led to the evolution of maritime trade in which the world became much more connected. It saves distance, time, and operating costs. For traders, it reduced fuel payments for them and increased their profits as their goods were transported in a short amount of time which led to growing economies.
New Zealand grants women suffrage
1893 - In the late 19th century women suffragists fought for the right to vote, and on 19 September 1893 a new Electoral Act was passed into law. New Zealand became the first self-governing country in the world in which all women had the right to vote in parliamentary elections.
1899-1902
Boer War (British in control of S Africa)
U.S. Civil War
1861-1865 - The Union’s victory over the Confederacy not only dealt a fatal blow to slavery in the United States, but it served as a catalyst for human rights reform across the world. Thirteenth Amendment was ratified after.
1848-1849
European Revolution
German Unification
1871 - Altered the delicate "balance of powers" established by the Congress of Vienna with the creation of a large, wealthy, and powerful nation-state in central Europe. Moreover, it is a useful case study for the broader concept of "nationalism" as a historical agent.
7 Years' War
1756-1763 - After the events of the 7 Years War/French and Indian War, the colonies (but technically Britain since the colonies weren’t independent yet) gained territory that once belonged to the French after the French lost the war. The debt that was gained because of the war caused the British Parliament to set a series of taxes upon the colonies which would ultimately cause colonial discontent, leading to the American Revolution.
Battle of Adowa
1896 - The outcome of this battle ensured Ethiopia's independence, making it the only African country never to be colonized. Adowa turned Ethiopia into a symbol of freedom for black people globally.
Russian “frees” serfs / ends serfdom
1861 - With serfs being freed, this heavily led Russia to become weaker as there weren’t as many farmers making food. This made Russia vulnerable to several nations.
1807-1808
Janissary Revolt
Marx & Engles The Communist Manifesto
1848 - It formed the basis for the modern communist movement as we know it, arguing that capitalism would inevitably self-destruct, to be replaced by socialism and ultimately communism. Several labor movements based their goals on this (German labor movement for example).
U.S. Emancipation Proclamation
1863 - The Proclamation swung foreign popular opinion in favor of the Union by gaining the support of European countries that had already outlawed slavery. It effectively ended the Confederacy's hopes of gaining official recognition from European heads of state, being a factor that led for the Union to prevail in the Civil War.
Berlin Conference
1885 - Established the legal claim by Europeans that all of Africa could be occupied by whoever could take it. It also established a process for Europeans to cooperate rather than fight with each other. This cooperation played a huge role in the division and conquest of Africa. It started the process of colonization in Africa.
Sepoy Mutiny
1857 - Even so, the rebellion proved to be an important watershed in Indian and British Empire history. It led to the dissolution of the East India Company and forced the British to reorganize the army, the financial system, and the administration in India, through the passage of the Government of India Act 1858.
Commodore Perry Opens Japan
1853 - The Perry Expedition led directly to the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and the western Great Powers, and eventually to the collapse of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and the restoration of the Emperor. It inspired other nations such as Germany to follow the same steps as them to have relations with Japan.