Basic Information
When do you cite?
Anytime you have material that is not your own experience
When you cite with a summary or paraphrase
What is ALWAYS!!
Citation or not?
"
this quote:
"Odors are often considered to be powerful triggers of past memories. Recent studies have reinforced this idea, showing that autobiographical memories triggered by odors are generally more emotional, pleasant, and vivid, yet less frequent, than those prompted by visual or verbal cues."
Must cite
Make an in-text citation
Author: Neil Cohen
Title: South Pacific Deals with Issues of Racism and Equality
Journal Title: Echo Magazine
Volume and issue: 23, 8
Publication date: January 2012
Pages: 48
(Cohen 48)
Components of an in-text citation
What is
(Author's last name page number)
Summarize this quote:
"Odors are often considered to be powerful triggers of past memories. Recent studies have reinforced this idea, showing that autobiographical memories triggered by odors are generally more emotional, pleasant, and vivid, yet less frequent, than those prompted by visual or verbal cues."
(Hamzeloo et al. 1)
Student based answer
Cite or not:
You read this quote "Research on music-evoked autobiographical memories has grown rapidly in recent years, suggesting that music can be an effective stimulus for cueing memories from one’s life."
You then write: Research suggests that music can remind us of events in our own past.
Yup! This is a paraphrase.
You'd write: Research suggests that music can remind us of events in our own past (Hanson et al. 1)
Create the works cited citation:
Author: Neil Cohen
Title: South Pacific Deals with Issues of Racism and Equality
Journal Title: Echo Magazine
Volume and issue: 23, 8
Publication date: January 2012
Pages: 48
Cohen, Neil. “South Pacific Deals with Issues of Racism and Equality.” Echo Magazine, vol. 23, no. 8, Jan. 2012, p. 48.
Basic components of a works cited citation
What is
* author's last name
*author's first name
* title of source
* Where you go the source
Paraphrase this quote:
"Odors are often considered to be powerful triggers of past memories. Recent studies have reinforced this idea, showing that autobiographical memories triggered by odors are generally more emotional, pleasant, and vivid, yet less frequent, than those prompted by visual or verbal cues."
Cite or not:
Movie musicals often respond to political moments; for example, "South Pacific" responded to racism in the post-WWII period.
Yup! Comes from an article! It would read
Movie musicals often respond to political moments; for example, "South Pacific" responded to racism in the post-WWII period (Cohen 48).
Cohen, Neil. “South Pacific Deals with Issues of Racism and Equality.” Echo Magazine, vol. 23, no. 8, Jan. 2012, p. 48
Make a website citation:
Author: Leah Thomas
Date of publication: 2024
Date accessed: October 28, 2025
Title: The Definitive List of the 60 Best Movie Musicals of All Time, Ranked
Website: Cosmopolitan
Thomas, Leah. "The Definitive List of the 60 Best Movie Musicals of All Time, Ranked." Cosmopolitan. https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/movies/a31738522/best-movie-musicals/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=mgu_ga_cos_md_pmx_us_urlx_18419138764&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=18415929960&gbraid=0AAAAAC5jt3OytJ4qVngBW3dAwjdVbuhF-&gclid=CjwKCAjw04HIBhB8EiwA8jGNbW7oB8tAwvBl3Q1aNAravYXIBIaEzF_RP7hA2cwxFX-ZQ10SrcqtPBoCYbYQAvD_BwE. Accessed October 28, 2025.
Basic components of a website citation
What is Author's last name, First name. "Title ofwebpage." Title of Website. URL. Accessdate.
Paraphrase:
"You've Got to Be Carefully Taught". Those six words form the title of a song from Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein's South Pacific, the wildly popular musical revolving around cross-cultural love affairs in the South Pacific during World War II.
From (Norris)
Student based response
Citation:
Norris, Michele. "Six Words: 'You've Got To Be Taught' Intolerance." NPR. https://www.npr.org/2014/05/19/308296815/six-words-youve-got-to-be-taught-intolerance. Accessed October 28, 2025.
Cite or not:
There is a musical based on the signing of the Declaration of Independence; it is called "1776."
Depends on context. Probably should.
Create an in-text citation
Create works cited citation:
Author: Julia Hallam and Lisa Shaw
Title: Movies, Music and Memory: Tools for wellbeing in Later Life
Publisher: Emerald Publisher Limited
Year of Publication: 2020
Pages used: 54-98
(Hallam and Shaw 54-98)
Basic components of an article citation
What is
Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal,Volume, Issue, Year, pages.
Summarize
To say South Pacific was successful would be an understatement — it was a blockbuster. But it also drew critics and controversy. It covered uncomfortable territory. Its romantic tension was based on interracial romance, a strong taboo at the time.
Even so, the soundtrack topped the charts. Songs like "Some Enchanted Evening" and "I'm Gonna Wash That Man Right Outa My Hair" were in heavy rotation on the radio and on record players around the country.
And judging from the inbox at The Race Card Project, the message behind the song "You've Got to Be Carefully Taught" has resonated with those who love the South Pacific soundtrack, like Kathleen Ziegler of Lino Lakes, Minn. She says she first heard that song on her family's record player.
from (Norris)
Student based response.
Citation:
Norris, Michele. "Six Words: 'You've Got To Be Taught' Intolerance." NPR. https://www.npr.org/2014/05/19/308296815/six-words-youve-got-to-be-taught-intolerance. Accessed October 28, 2025.
Cite or not:
The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776
Not needed; common knowledge
Create works cited citation:
Author: Julia Hallam and Lisa Shaw
Title: Movies, Music and Memory: Tools for wellbeing in Later Life
Publisher: Emerald Publisher Limited
Year of Publication: 2020
Hallam, Julia and Lisa Shaw. Movies, Music and Memory : Tools for Wellbeing in Later Life. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020.