Electrolytes
What is a rare disease of water and salt imbalance?
Diabetes insipidus
What is the incremental fraction of oxygen at sea level?
21%
Decreased CSF glucose levels can indicate acute bacterial meningitis.
True
Calculate the osmol gap.
Na: 140
Glu: 62
BUN: 35
Measured osmo: 300
5
A decrease in H+ ions, an increase in pH, and an increase in HCO3 results in what acid-base disorder?
Metabolic alkalosis
What is the major extracellular cation?
Sodium
What is the gas content of pO2 in arterial circulation?
90 mm Hg
What term is used to describe the collection method of pleural fluid?
Thoracentesis
Calculate the anion gap.
Na: 135
Cl: 94
K: 4.0
HCO3: 28
17
What is the interpretation of these blood has results?
pH: 7.54
CO2: 38
HCO3: 34
Metabolic alkalosis with no compensation
This cation is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and second most abundant intracellularly and is an important cofactor.
Magnesium
Bicarbonate-carbonic acid
CSF total protein is expected to be what percentage of the total blood protein value?
0.5-1.0%
Calculate the CSF serum albumin index given the following results:
CSF alb: 29
Serum alb: 3.9
7.4
What type of condition could be caused by anxiety-induced hyperventilation?
Respiratory alkalosis
What electrolyte is essential for myocardial contraction and important to maintain normal levels for critically ill patients?
Calcium
How often is calibration performed on a blood gas analyzer?
every 30-60 minutes
What test can be performed to determine if the fluid coming from a patient's nose is sinus or spinal fluid?
Beta-transferrin
Calculate the osmolality.
Na: 138
Glu: 79
BUN: 28
289
A decrease in H+ ions, an increase in pH, and a decrease in PCO2 results in what acid-base disorder?
Respiratory alkalosis
What hormone is released from the heart in response to hypervolemia?
Atrial natriuretic peptide
What kind of measurement device is used to measure actual percent oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and typically has 4 wavelengths?
Co-oximeters
Synovial fluid glucose level is typically how much lower that serum glucose levels?
10 mg/dL
What is the normal value of the CSF IgG index?
<0.73
What is the interpretation of these blood gas results?
pH: 7.32
CO2: 26
HCO3: 16
Metabolic acidosis with partial compensation