Carb Counting
name 3 foods that contain carbs
rice, pasta, potatoes, corn, peas, cereal, etc.
name any diabetes medication
many answers
name a chronic complication of diabetes
many answers
name 2 artificial sweeteners
splenda (sucralose), sweet n low (saccharin), equal (aspartame), stevia
How many times per day should you check your BS with glucometer?
4
how many grams of carbs should you have per snack?
15 grams
which class of injectable drugs lowers A1c without hypoglycemia?
GLP-1 receptor agonists/incretin memetics
what should you do to AVOID DKA?
name 2 saturated fat sources and 2 unsaturated fat sources
sat: butter, meat, dairy, lard, shortening
unsat: oil, nuts, seeds, fish, avocado
What is the difference between LDL and HDL cholesterol
LDL= lousy
HDL= happy
how many grams of carbs should you eat per meal?
30-45g
what is the difference between mealtime and nighttime insulin? (hint: think duration)
mealtime: fast acting -> covers meals
nighttime: lasts for 24 hrs
why does diabetes increase the risk for limb amputations?
thick, sugary blood has trouble getting into small blood vessels in fingers, toes, etc.
what is the most important nutrient to limit in the diet to decrease blood cholesterol?
saturated fats
Do you need to take mealtime insulin with snacks?
no
how many grams of carbs in the following meal?
3/4 cup blueberries
1 cup yogurt
2 tbsp nuts
30 g
which diabetes drug improves A1c, kidney function, and may have cardiovascular benefits?
SGLT2 inhibitors (farxiga, jardiance)
explain why diabetes can increase risk of CVD?
thick blood from sugar increases the work the heart has to do to pump blood around the body
on the diabetic myplate, what percentage of our plate to we want to have carbs, protein, and NS veggies?
carb: 25%
protein: 25%
NS veggie: 50%
how do you treat low BS levels?
15/15 rule
how many grams of carbs are in the following meal:
1 cup rice
1/2 cup beans
1/4 cup shredded cheese
lettuce
4 oz chicken breast
60 g
what is the "first line of defense" drug for diabetes?
metformin/biguanides
what are the 3 most common microvascular complications from diabetes?
neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy
Using the %DV, what are the barriers for foods that are high/low in a nutrient?
low: <5%
high: >20%
Name the normal BS range for fasting and postprandial
Fasting: 80-130
2-hrs postprandial: <180