Bent out of shape
This is the hallmark feature of spinal shock, characterized by temporary paralysis and loss of reflexes below the level of injury.
What is spinal shock?
This chronic autoimmune disorder causes inflammation and damage to connective tissues throughout the body and is characterized by remissions and flares.
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
By about 12 months, most infants achieve this gross motor milestone.
What is walking with support or standing alone?
Adolescents develop abstract thinking and reasoning abilities, a stage described by this psychologist.
Who is Jean Piaget (formal operational stage)?
Status epilepticus is a medical emergency defined as a seizure lasting longer than this duration.
What is 5 minutes?
During the early hours to days after a spinal cord injury, reflexes are absent or reduced, a state known as this.
What is areflexia or hyporeflexia?
The musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, renal, and nervous systems are commonly affected in SLE, while these two systems are less frequently involved.
What are gastrointestinal and ocular systems?
Common symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, night sweats, and this type of emotional change.
What is mood swings or irritability?
Before prescribing ED medications, clinicians must assess for this potentially life-threatening contraindication.
What is use of nitrates or unstable cardiovascular disease?
Temporary loss of reflexes and flaccid paralysis below the level of injury is a hallmark of this condition.
What is spinal shock?
This life-threatening condition can occur years after a spinal cord injury above T6, often triggered by a distended bladder and marked by severe headache and high blood pressure.
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
The presence of these highly specific antibodies, such as anti-dsDNA or anti-Sm, helps differentiate SLE from drug-induced lupus.
What are SLE-specific autoantibodies?
Hormone therapy in menopause primarily replaces this hormone to manage symptoms, but carries risks such as increased blood clots.
What is estrogen?
SLE is more common in women and in this racial population compared to Caucasians.
What is African Americans?
Years after a T6 or higher spinal cord injury, this life-threatening condition may occur, often triggered by bladder distention.
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
Surgery is indicated for spinal cord injuries when there is cord compression, unstable vertebrae, penetrating wounds, or this occurs due to neurologic deterioration.
What is worsening neurologic status?
Hydroxychloroquine is an FDA-approved medication for SLE that is especially important during pregnancy because it is considered safe and helps manage these manifestations.
What are cutaneous, musculoskeletal, and mild systemic features?
At age 2, children typically demonstrate this type of speech development, combining two words into simple sentences.
What is telegraphic speech?
The presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies in a patient with joint pain and rash is highly suggestive of this condition.
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Grief support should always protect personal information and respect the grieving person’s choices, reflecting these two ethical principles.
What are confidentiality & autonomy?
In addition to neurologic assessment, nurses must monitor these three aspects to prevent complications in spinal cord injury patients.
What are skin integrity, bowel/bladder function, and emotional/psychological responses?
SLE patients taking corticosteroids are immunosuppressed, so nurses should educate them to monitor for this, including taking daily temperatures.
: What are signs and symptoms of infection?
ED is commonly associated with this cardiovascular risk factor.
What is hypertension or atherosclerosis?
Kidney involvement in SLE, called lupus nephritis, is often monitored with these two lab tests.
What are serum creatinine and urinalysis?
When grief lasts longer than six months and includes intense sadness or hallucinations, it is classified as this.
What is complicated or prolonged grief?