Cancer
Which of the following is a primary goal of medical nutrition therapy for cancer patients?
a. to promote weight gain
b. to manage treatment-related side effects
c. to increase physical activity
d. to reduce the need for medication
b. to manage treatment-related side effects
(treatment-related side effects can include changes in taste and smell, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and loss of appetite)
a. to promote weight gain
b. to delay HIV/AIDS disease progression
c. to increase physical activity
d. to reduce the need for medication
b. to delay HIV/AIDS disease progression
What is the primary goal of medical nutrition therapy for individuals with PKU?
a. to promote weight gain
b. to manage blood phenylalanine levels
c. to increase physical activity
d. to reduce the need for medication
b. to manage blood phenylalanine levels
What is the primary goal of medical nutrition therapy for critically ill patients?
a. to promote weight gain
b. to manage blood glucose levels
c. to support metabolic needs and improve outcomes
d. to increase physical activity
c. to support metabolic needs and improve outcomes
What is the primary goal of medical nutrition therapy for patients with severe burn injuries?
a. to promote weight gain
b. to manage blood glucose levels
c. to meet the demands of hypermetabolism and prevent protein-calorie malnutrition
d. to increase physical activity
c. to meet the demands of hypermetabolism and prevent protein-calorie malnutrition
What is the recommended dietary approach for cancer patients experiencing nausea and vomiting?
a. eating large, infrequent meals
b. consuming small, frequent meals
c. drinking caffeinated beverages
d. avoiding all solid foods
b. consuming small, frequent meals
Which nutrient is particularly important for maintaining immune function in individuals with HIV/AIDS?
a. carbohydrate
b. protein
c. fat
d. vitamins
d. vitamins
What dietary approach is recommended for individuals with urea cycle disorders?
a. high-protein diet
b. high-fat diet
c. low-carbohydrate diet
d. low-protein diet
d. low-protein diet
Which phase of critical illness is characterized by hemodynamic instability and hormonal changes?
a. recovery phas
b. ebb phase
c. flow phase
d. chronic phase
b. ebb phase
Which phase of burn injury is characterized by a persistent hypermetabolic state?
a. acute phase
b. ebb phase
c. flow phase
d. recovery phase
c. flow phase
which of the following should cancer patients avoid to reduce the risk of infection?
a. cooked vegetables
b. raw or undercooked meats
c. whole grains
d. pasteurized dairy products
b. raw or undercooked meats
What dietary approach is recommended for individuals with HIV/AIDS to prevent malnutrition?
a. following a low-calorie diet
b. consuming nutrient-dense foods
c. avoiding all fats
d. eating only plant-based foods
b. Consuming nutrient-dense foods
Which of the following foods should be avoided by individuals with galactosemia?
a. cooked vegetables
b. raw or undercooked meats
c. dairy products
d. whole grains
c. dairy products
a. hyperglycemia
b. hypophosphatemia
c. hyperlipidemia
d. hypertension
b. hypophosphatemia
What is the preferred method of feeding critically ill burn patients?
a. oral feeding
b. enteral nutrition support
c. parenteral nutrition support
d. intravenous glucose
b. enteral nutrition support
(early feeding is recommended to maintain gut integrity)
Which of the following is a benefit of good nutrition during treatment for cancer?
a. lower risk of infection
b. better tolerance to treatment side-effects
c. faster healing and recovery
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
How can medical nutrition therapy help manage side effects of HIV medications?
a. by recommending bland foods only
b. by encouraging experimentation with different flavors and seasonings
c. by suggesting cold foods exclusively
d. by addressing specific nutritional deficiencies
d. by addressing specific nutritional deficiencies
How can medical nutrition therapy help manage symptoms of glycogen storage diseases?
a. by recommending high-fat foods
b. by encouraging frequent meals and snacks
c. by suggesting cold foods only
d. by increasing water intake
b. by encouraging frequent meals and snacks
Which dietary strategy is recommended for critically ill patients during the chronic ICU phase?
a. high-fat diet
b. low-protein diet
c. high-protein, high energy
d. low-carbohydrate diet
c. high-protein, high energy diet
Why might burn patients need more frequent meals?
a. to prevent malnutrition and maintain strength
b. to gain weight rapidly
c. to reduce the risk of metabolic crises
d. to improve taste and smell
a. to prevent malnutrition and maintain strength
How can medical nutrition therapy help manage taste changes in cancer patients?
a. by recommending bland foods only
b. by suggesting cold foods exclusively
c. by encouraging experimentation with different flavors and seasonings
d. by increasing water intake
c. by encouraging experimentation with different flavors and seasonings
Which of the following might be recommended to avoid by individuals with HIV/AIDS to reduce the risk of foodborne illness?
a. cooke vegetables
b. whole grains
c. pasteurized dairy products
d. raw fruits
d. raw fruits
What role do supplements play in the diet of individuals with genetic metabolic disorders?
a. they can replace meals entirely
b. they should be taken without consulting a doctor
c. they are unnecessary if the patient eats well
d. they can help fill nutritional gaps under the guidance of a healthcare provider
d. they can help fill nutritional gaps under the guidance of a healthcare provider
What role do supplements plat in the recovery of critically ill patients?
a. they can replace meals entirely
b. they are unnecessary if the patient eats well
c. they can help achieve protein and caloric targets
d. they should be taken without consulting a doctor
c. they can help achieve protein and caloric targets
A 35-year-old male patient with 40% total body surface area (TBSA) burns is admitted to the ICU. Which of the following best describes his nutritional needs during the acute phase of burn injury?
a. High protein, high calorie diet with increased fluid requirements
b. low far, high fiber diet to support gut health
c. high carbohydrate, low protein diet to reduce nitrogen loss
d. normal protein, calorie-restricted diet to reduce metabolic stress.
a. High protein, high calorie diet with increased fluid requirements
Patients with significant burn injuries experience a hypermetabolic and hypercatabolic response, leading to increased energy and protein needs. Adequate calories and protein are essential to support wound healing, prevent muscle breakdown, and support immune function. Fluid needs are increased due to losses from the burn wounds and increased insensible losses.