Osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Multiple Sclerosis
General Mobility
100
Common diagnostic test for osteoporosis, done routinely for postmenopausal women.
What is a DEXA scan?
100
Clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis.
What are pain with activity initially (relieved by rest) and later stage pain worsening at rest, stiffness with inactivity, swelling/fluid accumulation, crepitus, and decreased ROM?
100
This type of disease consists of inflammation of the joints and deformity.
What is autoimmune disease (RA)?
100
Formations that occur throughout the white matter of the CNS.
What are plaques?
100
Predisposes people to fractures.
What is osteoporosis?
200
Three clinical manifestations of osteoporosis.
What are loss of height, change in posture (Dowager's hump), bones fracture easily (compression fractures), +/- pain.
200
This part of the joint deteriorates due to the process of OA.
What is cartilage (causing bone-on-bone friction and further damage)?
200
Vascular granulation tissue that forms in the synovial membranes of those with RA.
What is a pannus?
200
Most common type of MS.
What is relapsing-remitting?
200
Most common type of arthritis, progressive destruction of cartilage in synovial joints and vertebrae.
What is OA?
300
An increase in _______ activity and a decrease in osteoblast activity lead to an increased level of bone reabsorption.
What is osteoclast?
300
Idiopathic OA (intrinsic defects in cartilage with no identifiable cause) is seen in _____ _____ or _____.
What are old age and obesity?
300
Onset is considered _______ and is characterized by periods of remissions and exacerbations.
What is insidious?
300
Exacerbations of MS can be triggered by stress, illness, ______, or fatigue.
What is fever (or heat)?
300
Metabolic process characterized by decreased bone density and decreased bone mass.
What is osteoporosis?
400
Medication used to treat osteoporosis.
What is calcitonin?
400
Medication commonly used to treat OA.
What are cortiocosteroids?
400
Seventy to eighty percent of people with RA have this present in their blood.
What is rheumatoid factor?
400
One of the signs of MS; _________ of the muscles.
What is spasticity?
400
Risk factors for this disease include obesity, age, gender (equal after age 70), heredity.
What is osteoarthritis?
500
Modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis.
What are low calcium diet (we want to increase calcium, avoiding high sodium/protein, alcohol, and caffeine), sedentary lifestyle, medication use (avoid steroids, lithium, anticonvulsants, etc.)?
500
The type of proximal node that forms in interphalangeal joints.
What are Bouchard's nodes?
500
A type of systemic complication of RA.
What is vasculitis?
500
These types of cells are elevated in the CSF at the onset of MS.
What are helper T cells?
T lymphocytes sense the myelin as an antigen and attack it (macrophages demyelinate).
500
Risk factors for this disease include being female, middle age years (35-50), and possible genetic link.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
MS has similar risk factors but usually, the age range for MS is younger (20-35).