Vocab
What do you call an educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question?
Hypothesis
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Make an observation or ask questions.
What type of science investigates things that can be observed, measured, and tested in the present?
Operational Science
What must science conform to?
The scientific method
What is an example that contradicts a conclusion called?
Counterexample
What step comes after making an observation and asking questions?
Conduct background research
What type of science uses evidence from the past to investigate events or explain how things happened?
Historical Science
Who used the scientific method to investigate the spread of disease between hospital patients in the 1800s?
Ignaz Semmelweis
What is an explanation of the natural world that has been thoroughly tested and is supported by significant evidence?
Scientific Theory
After conducting background research, what should a scientist construct?
A Hypothesis
An archaeologist measures a pottery piece's height, circumference, and mass. Is this operational or historical science?
Operational science
Why should it not be surprising that the Bible described cleansing practices before many scientists discovered germs?
The Bible's instructions were recorded long before scientists understood germs and their role in spreading disease.
What describes a natural phenomenon or principle, is supported by significant evidence, and often includes mathematical terms?
Scientific Law
After constructing a hypothesis, what should a scientist do to test it?
Test the hypothesis with an experiment.
An archaeologist compares painted pottery designs with photographs in an ancient text. Is this operational or historical science?
Historical Science
What term describes the way a person understands and interprets the world?
Worldview
What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?
A theory explains why or how something happens, while a law describes a pattern or relationship in nature.
After testing a hypothesis with an experiment, what should a scientist do with the results?
Analyze the results and draw a conclusion.
A scientist measures pressure changes using weather equipment to investigate something we cannot directly see. What is this an example of?
Using science to test an unseen phenomenon, such as air pressure.
According to the module, what underlying disagreement can cause people to interpret the same scientific data differently?
Differences in worldviews