PROPERTIES OF WATER
Is water a polar molecule or a nonpolar molecule?
Polar
pH
What are the two types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What is a compound?
a molecule that contains atoms of at least two different elements.
Hydrolysis
Water molecules can attract other water molecules and charged particles, forming light bonds called _____ bonds.
Hydrogen.
This creates several unique properties of water, such as cohesion, lower density of ice, and ability to dissolve many solutes.
If the pH is between 0 and 7, the solution is ______
acidic
Where would you find DNA?
In the nucleus
What happens in a covalent bond?
Electrons are shared among two or more atoms
What reaction would you use to form a lipid from fatty acids and glycerol?
Dehydration
In the water molecule, electrons spend more time orbiting around the O than around the H's, so the molecule has a slight ___ charge at the O and a slight ___ charge at the H's.
negative; positive
What is a neutral pH?
7
DNA consists of a double chain of units called _____________ twisted in a spiral form.
nucleotides
A chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another is called a(n) __________________
Ionic bond
Hydrolysis
In lemonade, what is the solvent and what is the solute(s)?
Solvent: water
Solutes: lemon, sugar
Which one of these is an organic acid group?
a) -OH b) -OH-C=O c) -C=O
b) (called carboxyl)
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
How many covalent bonds can a carbon atom make?
4
What is activation energy?
The energy needed to get a chemical reaction going.
Because water has a high ______ ________, it can store a large amount of thermal energy without a temperature rise, protecting life in the water.
heat capacity
Organic bases have a(n) ___________ group
amino
What part of the nucleotide is responsible for the way DNA stores its information?
the nucleotide base
(or nitrogenous base)
What is cohesion? What is a prime example?
[not actually a chemical bond]
An attractive force that holds molecules of the SAME substance together.
Example: Water
Are two different molecules with the same chemical formula ISOTOPES or ISOMERS?
Isomers.