Mod. 8+9
Born Temujin, this Mongolian warrior chieftain was successful in uniting the Mongols, thus creating what would become the largest contiguous land empire in all of world history.
Who was Genghis Khan?
This was a mounted warrior during the middle ages. They lived their lives according to the chivalric code, one which glorifies obedience to your lord and protection of the weak. They more often than not did not live up to the standards.
What was a knight?
These important religious ceremonies include rituals like baptisms and are necessary to be performed by Catholics in order to reach salvation.
What are sacraments?
The period of 1300-1600 where Europe experienced an explosion of creativity, art, architecture, writing, and thought is often referred to as the Renaissance. This the literal translation of Renaissance in French.
What is "rebirth"?
Muhammad, the prophet of Islam who received a message from Allah through the angel Gabriel, was first married to the successful businesswoman Khadija. After her death, he remarried multiple times over the course of his life. This is the amount of wives Muhammad was said to have had.
What is 11?
This ruling family of the Islamic world moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad. It was during their rule that the Islamic Golden Age was said to have occurred.
Who were the Abbasids?
In the feudal system, this person is someone who receives land from a lord. This person would then pledge loyalty to the lord and promise assistance in times of war.
What is a vassal?
This Kurdish-Islamic warrior is best known for his success in reclaiming Jerusalem from the Crusaders during the Second Crusade, and also for defending said city during the Third Crusade. He won the respect and admiration of King Richard the Lion-Hearted even though they were fighting against one another during the conflict.
Who was Saladin?
What is secularism?
Henry II is often credited with introducing jury systems and common law to England. He also was able to grow his Anglo-French land holdings with the marriage of the French noble Eleanor of Aquitaine, thus setting in motion even more confusing and problematic hereditary claims to the French throne, a problem of which would only be settled with the culmination of the Hundred Years' War. This was the year in which Henry II and Eleanor were married. (Be within 10 years)
When was 1152?
This ruling family moved the capital of the Islamic world from Mecca to Damascus and lived a life of luxury that went against Muhammad's sunna. They were eventually deposed and all but one family member were executed.
Who were the Umayyads?
It was between these two leaders that the land of Normandy was granted to the Vikings (Norsemen), thus beginning the system known as feudalism which would be the dominant form of political control throughout the middle ages.
Who were Rollo and Charles the Simple?
It was through this concordat that the issue of lay investiture was finally settled. The famous squabble between HRE Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII set in motion the events which would finally lead to the decision that only the Pope was able to appoint bishops, but that the king/emperor would be able to veto an appointment.
What was the Concordat of Worms?
This style of Renaissance art creates the appearance of three dimensions. It is based on optical illusions with the existence of parallel lines that stretch away to the horizon and meet at a vanishing point.
What is perspective?
Johann Gutenberg was a German craftsman and inventor who originated a method of printing from movable type. His "invention," the Printing Press, revolutionized the spread of information throughout Europe by allowing for quicker and easier copying of written text. This was the town in which Gutenberg was born and lived his entire life within.
What is Mainz, Germany?
The five pillars of Islam are the tenets by which Muslims are required to live their lives. These are three of the five pillars.
What are sawm (fasting during Ramadan), shahadah (declaration of faith), salat (pray five times a day facing Mecca), zakat (alms for the poor), hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca)?
"The Song of Roland" is a medieval epic poem that praised French soldiers and glorified hero's deeds and adventures. The story revolves around knights who were fighting against Muslim invaders during the time of this legendary European ruler.
Who was Charlemagne?
This man, a descendant of Danish king Canute, died in 1066 without an apparent heir to the throne of England. At one point he had promised the throne to William Duke of Normandy (his cousin) but upon his death, his brother-in-law Harold Godwinson became king of England, thus setting in motion the Norman Conquest and the pivotal Battle of Hastings.
Who was Edward the Confessor?
It was due to this man's sales of indulgences in the city of Wittenberg, Germany that Martin Luther began to create his list of arguments against the Catholic Church known as the 95 Theses. Unbeknownst to Luther, his thoughts would set in motion the religious movement known as the Reformation and the creation of the Protestant Church.
Who was Johann Tetzel?
“Not all men (and especially the wisest) share the opinion that it is bad for women to be educated. But it is very true that many foolish men have claimed this because it displeased them that women knew more than they did.”
This quote, located within this book by Christine de Pizan, brings to light her advocacy for equal education amongst boys and girls. Her ideas, shared within her literary works of the 15th century, would set in motion discussions and debates about female educational opportunities.
What is "The Book of the City of Ladies"?
When was 1254?
Feudalism, a political/economic/social system where people would pledge loyalty in return for land, has been used in numerous societies throughout world history. It was the dominant system used within middle ages Europe, but was also employed in Japan and China. It was during this dynasty from the 11th century to 256 BC that China used a form of feudalism.
What was the Zhou Dynasty?
The Magna Carta, or Great Charter, is one of the most important documents towards the evolution of republican democracy. On June 15, 1215 this amount of barons (nobles) forced King John I to agree to certain guaranteed privileges like right to a fair jury trial and no taxation without representation.
What was 25 barons?
When Pope Leo X caught wind of Martin Luther's teachings, he issued a decree threatening to excommunicate Luther from the Catholic Church. Rather than apologizing, Luther burned the decree in front of his students outside the University of Wittenberg. Pope Leo then excommunicated Luther. This was the year in which the event occurred. (Be within 10 years)
When was 1520?
Joan of Arc, the teenage warrior who received messages from angels instructing her to lead the French to victory against the English during the Hundred Years' War, is today regarded as the patroness saint of France. Her last name "d'Arc" would give the impression that she is from the town of Arc, France, but it is actually a reference to where her father was from. This is the town in which Joan of Arc was actually from.
Where is Domremy?