Earth's Oceans I
The Pacific Ocean covers about what percent of Earth's surface?
About 30%
Give an example of a unit for density.
g/mL, g/cm3, kg/L, kg/m3
What is the relationship between wind speed and the size of an ocean wave?
The higher the wind speed, the larger the wave.
Which pair of factors determines the density of ocean water?
A. salinity and latitude
B. salinity and temperature
B. salinity and temperature
1. What percent of Earth is covered by ocean water?
2. What is the approximate maximum depth of the ocean?
1. 70-71%
2. Around 11 km.
What is the relationship between temperature and density?
The colder the temperature, the higher the density / the warmer the temperature, the lower the density.
Ocean waves are this type of wave that carries energy through matter.
What is a mechanical wave?
How do scientists use sonar to study Earth's oceans?
A. to map water density
B. to map the ocean floor
B. to map the ocean floor
What is the relationship between salinity and density?
The higher the salinity, the higher the density / the lower the salinity, the lower the density.
a long undersea mountain chain
What is a mid-ocean ridge?
caused when a large volume of ocean water is displaced (moved up or down) by earthquakes or underwater landslides.
What is a tsunami?
The salinity of ocean water is not the same everywhere in the ocean. Which of the following is a cause of these differences in salinity?
A. changes in density of ocean water
B. high evaporation rates
C. extraction of ocean water for desalination by coastal nations.
B. high evaporation rates
Two common ions combine to make which most common salt found in ocean water.
What is sodium chloride (or NaCl)?
What are the 3 layers of a column of ocean water and what are their distinct temperature characteristics?
Surface - warmest layer
Thermocline -- big drop in temperature
Deep - coldest layer
What is the primary source of energy that generates most ocean waves?
The atmosphere (wind)
Scientists use deep sea drilling to obtain
A. hydrogen
B. core samples
C. freshwater
B. core samples
What are the two main sources of the ocean's dissolved salts?
1. weathering of Earth on and below the surface from running water.
2. volcanic activity below the ocean
Name two (of the 3) factors that determine ocean water temperature.
latitude
depth
season
The large volume of water that recedes back into the ocean from a tsunami.
What is an undertow?
a measure of dissolved salts
What is salinity?