Permission, Ability & Possibility
Gap-fill: When I was a child, I ________ swim very well.
could
Gap-fill: You _____ stop at a red light.
must
Choose the correct one: You _____ wear a tie – it's casual. (mustn't / don't have to)
don't have to
Gap-fill: You look tired. You _____ take a break.
should / ought to
Choose: You _____ smoke here – it's prohibited. (mustn't / don't have to)
mustn't
Translate from Russian: «Вам разрешено пользоваться словарём.»
You are allowed to use the dictionary.
Correct the mistake: “She musts finish the report by 5 PM.”
She must finish (no -s)
Translate from Russian: «Зря я купил этот зонт — дождя не было.»
I needn't have bought this umbrella.
Translate from Russian: «Зря я не послушал твоего совета.»
I should have listened to your advice.
Translate both from Russian: «Нельзя парковаться» vs «Не нужно парковаться»
You mustn't park vs You don't have to park
Correct the mistake: “Despite the injury, she could win the match.”
…she was able to win (specific past achievement)
Translate from Russian (to be to): «Мы должны были встретиться в 6, но он опоздал.»
We were to meet at 6, but he was late.
Correct the mistake: “You needn't to come if you're busy.”
You needn't come (no to)
Correct the mistake: “You ought to have tell her the truth yesterday.”
…ought to have told…
Correct the mistake: “You mustn't wear a uniform – it's not required.”
You don't have to wear…
Explain the difference: can vs be able toin future forms
Can has no future → will be able to
Explain the difference: must (internal) vs have to (external)
Open – must = speaker's authority; have to = outside rules
Explain the difference: didn't need to vs needn't have done
Didn't need to = didn't happen (or unknown); needn't have = happened unnecessarily
Explain the error in logic: “He should have been more careful, so he was safe.”
Contradiction – should have = past criticism (he wasn't careful)
Translate: «Мы должны были закончить проект к пятнице, но не успели.»
We were to have finished the project by Friday, but we didn't.
Create a sentence using may for possibility AND was allowed to for past permission
Your answer
Correct & explain: “According to the plan, the president is to visiting Poland.”
…is to visit… (fixed arrangement)
Create two sentences – one with didn't have to (not necessary, didn't happen) and one with needn't have done(unnecessary action that happened)
Your answer
Transform this sentence into a past regret: “It's a good idea to apologise, but I didn't.”
I should have apologised / ought to have apologised
Find and correct TWO mistakes: “She didn't needed to hurry, but she mustn't have hurried because the train was late anyway.”
1. didn't need to hurry
2. she needn't have hurried