Jacksonian Democracy
Who was the seventh president of the United States who expanded the power of the presidency and became the leading figure of the Democratic Party?
Andrew Jackson
What law, passed in 1830, authorized the president to negotiate the relocation of Native nations living east of the Mississippi River?
The Indian Removal Act
What religious revival encouraged personal conversion and inspired many Americans to join reform movements?
The Second Great Awakening
Who was the British monarch who came to the throne in 1837 and later gave the Victorian era its name?
Queen Victoria
What period of rapid economic transformation featured canals, railroads, factories, commercial farming, and expanding markets?
The Market Revolution
Which group gained greater access to voting during the 1820s and 1830s as states removed many property requirements?
White men, especially those without property
What forced journey carried the Cherokee and other Native peoples west to designated Indian Territory?
The Trail of Tears
What movement sought to end slavery, and whose best-known newspapers included The Liberator?
Abolitionism
Which country abolished slavery throughout most of its empire in 1833?
Britain
What financial crisis began in 1837 and caused bank failures, business closures, unemployment, and severe economic hardship?
The Panic of 1837
What practice rewarded political supporters with government jobs after a candidate won an election?
The Spoils System
Which Native nation was removed from its southeastern homeland despite its efforts to use written laws, farming, and legal challenges to defend its rights?
The Cherokee
Who founded The Liberator in 1831 and demanded immediate emancipation?
William Lloyd Garrison
What 1832 British law expanded voting rights and changed representation in Parliament?
The Great Reform Act
What 1836 battle became a symbol of resistance after Texan defenders were defeated by Mexican forces?
The Battle of the Alamo
What federally chartered financial institution did Jackson oppose by vetoing its recharter and removing federal deposits from it?
The Second Bank of the United States
What phrase describes the government policy of compelling Native nations to leave their homelands and move west?
Forced removal or forced relocation
What uprising of enslaved people in Virginia was led by Nat Turner in 1831, intensifying white fears and leading to harsher slave codes?
Nat Turner's Rebellion
What two European revolutions or independence movements began in 1830: one that overthrew France’s Bourbon king and another that established an independent nation separate from the Netherlands?
The July Revolution in France and Belgian independence
What independent nation did settlers and Tejanos establish after defeating Mexican forces in 1836?
The Republic of Texas
What political system developed as Jacksonian Democrats opposed the Whigs, who generally supported congressional power, economic development, and a stronger national government?
The Second Party System
What was the human cost of removal policies that included exposure, hunger, disease, death, and the loss of homelands, showing that this policy was not a voluntary migration?
The human cost of Indian removal
What was the relationship between cotton expansion, slavery, and reform movements, including campaigns for abolition, temperance, public education, and improved asylums?
The relationship between cotton expansion, slavery, and reform movements
Who was the naturalist who traveled aboard the HMS Beagle during the 1830s, gathering observations that later contributed to his theory of evolution?
What did the Nullification Crisis and Texas independence both raise questions about regarding state or regional interests and national authority?
Conflicts over federal power and regional self-determination