Colonial Latin America
How was colonial society divided?
Into classes based on birth.
What is Saint Domingue?
French colony that is now present-day Haiti.
Who was San Martín?
An Argentine general who fought for Latin America.
When did Venezuela declare independence?
1811
What did the Latin American revolutions inspire?
Other independence and revolutionary movements around the world.
Who are Peninsulares?
Individuals born in Spain.
Who was Toussaint L'Ouverture?
He became the leader of the revolution in Haiti and a skilled general and diplomat.
When did Argentina declare independence?
1816
Who was Simon Bolivar?
Wealthy Venezuelan creole that was a military officer.
What continued after independence was won?
Slavery, racism, and class inequality.
Who are Creoles?
Spaniards born in Latin America.
Who was Jean-Jacques Dessalines?
L'Ouverture's general, who took over leading the revolution after his death.
Who took over both armies when Martin's and Bolivar's combined forces?
Bolivar took over both armies.
What was the Battle of Boyaca?
Bolivar led a surprise attack across the Andes, defeating the Spanish and securing Colombia.
European countries and the U.S.
Who are Mulattos?
Individuals of mixed European and African ancestry.
Who was Boukman?
What was the result of the Battle of Ayacucho?
Ended Spanish rule in South America.
What was the Battle of Carabobo?
Bolivar's army attacked the spanish leading to the collapse of the main Royalists army.
Which countries was Latin America set free from?
Spain, Portugal, and France.
Why were the Creoles not loyal to the Spanish King?
Because the King was French, and they believed the power should be with the people.
What happened on January 1st, 1804?
Saint Domingue was declared independent by General Dessalines.
What was San Martín's nickname?
"The liberator of Argentina, Chile, and Peru"
What was the first permanent Spanish settlement?
Cumana
Which country was the last to abolish slavery, and when?
Brazil in 1888.