Nutrients
The Six Essential Nutrients are?
Carbohydrates, Fats, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals, Water
The average daily nutrient intake that meets the needs of half the healthy population?
EAR: Estimated Average Requirement
The five characteristics of a Healthful Diet?
Adequate, Moderate, Nutrient-dense, Balanced, Variety
Who requires the Nutrition Facts Panel?
FDA: Food and Drug Administration
The three chronic diseases associated with poor nutrition?
Heart disease, Stroke, Diabetes
Obesity is primary link between poor nutrition and mortality ( a major risk factor)
Name the Macro and Micronutrients. Which provides energy?
Macronutrients: Carbs, Fats, Protein
Micronutrients: Vitamins and Minerals
Macronutrients provide energy (calories)
Average dietary energy intake to maintain energy balance?
EER: Estimated Energy Requirement
Your daily caloric intake
Define Nutrient dense?
Foods and beverages that supply the highest # of nutrients for the lowest # of calories.
What is Percent Daily Value? (PDV)
Describes how much a serving contributes to total daily nutrient intake based on a 2000 cal diet
What is the best study?
Placebo controlled double blind randomized clinical trial
Name the fat and water soluble vitamins
Fat soluble: A,D,E,K
Water soluble: C and B
True or False?
UL is the maximum amount of a nutrient that when consumed is potentially harmful.
False
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the maximum amount of a nutrient that appears to be safe.
Explain the difference between hunger and appetite.
Hunger: Basic biological or Physiological urge or need to eat
Appetite: Psychological desire to eat specific foods related to sensory data.
Other factors that influence appetite?
Name the five components of the Food label
Statement of Identity
Net Contents of Package
Ingredient List
Name/Address of food manufacturer or distributor
Nutritional Information
What is MyPlate? Who created it? Name the 5 food groups.
Visual representation of the USDA food patterns.
Fruits, Vegetables, Grains, Protein, Dairy
Name the 6 important functions of water
Fluid balance, Nutrient transport, Body temperature, Nerve impulses, Muscle contractions, Removal of wastes
This dietary reference intake is used when we do not have an established RDA and insufficient scientific evidence?
AI: Adequate Intake
What does a healthy eating pattern limit?
Saturated fats, Trans fats, Added sugars, Sodium
Name the five components of the Nutrition Facts Panel
1. Serving size and serving per container
2. Calories per serving
3. Percent Daily Values (%DV)
4. List of nutrients
5. Footnote
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans were designed based on what 3 ideas? How often are the guidelines revised?
1. Promote health
2. Reduce the risk of chronic disease
3. Reduce prevalence of overweight and obesity
Revised every 5 years
Sam ate a total of 230g from carbs, 60g from fat, and 100g from protein. Did Sam meet the AMDR for carbs, fat, and protein?
Yes!
49.5% from carbs
29% from fat
21.5% from protein
What are Dietary Reference Intakes?
Amount of a nutrient needed to prevent deficiency and chronic disease in healthy people.
What are empty calories? Give examples of foods.
Empty calories: calories from solid fats or added sugars that provide few or no nutrients
Ex: cakes, cookies, pastries, pizza, hot-dogs, ice cream, sugary drinks, sausages, bacon
Explain the differences between the Old and New Nutrition Fact Panel.
Foods commonly consumed in one sitting now reflect that in label. Bold text and calories from fat dropped. Added sugars required, Iron, Calcium, Potassium, and Vitamin D. Footnote is simplified, general dietary advice.
What are functional foods? Name the three functional foods.
Foods that have biologically active ingredients that provide health benefits beyond nutrition.
Probiotics : microorganisms that aid in digestive health
Prebiotics: insoluble fiber that encourages microbiota growth
Phytochemicals: plant pigments that may reduce the risk for developing certain diseases