Disease Transmission Concepts
Contains, spreads, and/or harbors an infectious agent.
What is Carrier?
What is Modes of Transmission?
The prevention of a disease/disorder before it occurs.
What is Primary Prevention?
A person within a population with a distinguished condition, disease, disorder, and/or injury.
What is Case?
An individual who was exposed to and has harbored an infectious pathogen for a while, even after recovering from it.
What is Active Carrier?
The habitat of an infectious agent
What is Reservoir
Immediate and direct transfer of an infectious agent from person to person.
What is Direct Transmission?
An individual changes their behavior to prevent a disease/disorder. Examples include: exercising more, quitting smoking, etc.
What is Active Primary Prevention?
The first disease case within a population at the beginning of an epidemic.
What is Primary Case?
An individual who harbors the disease and is in recovery but is still contagious.
What is Convalescent Carrier?
An invertabrate animal (tick, mite, etc.) that acts as a host and transmitter of an infectious agent.
What is Vector?
An agent is transferred by things such as water, food, particles, etc. that result in disease.
What is Indirect Transmission?
An individual does NOT have to change any behaviors for this.
What is Passive Primary Prevention?
Persons who are sick or infected by coming in contact with primary cases.
What is Secondary Case?
An individual who has been exposed to/harbors the infectious pathogen but is asymptomatic and not ill.
What is Healthy Carrier?
An object (clothing, a door handle, utensil, etc.) that can harbor and transmit an infectious agent.
What is Fomites?
Occurs when droplets carrying the pathogen are transmitted through an infected person's cough or sneeze.
What is Airborne Transmission?
Identifying diseases through screenings to prevent them from progressing and spreading to the public and individual.
What is Secondary Prevention?
The first disease case that epidemiologists become alerted about.
What is Index Case?
An individual who has been exposed to/harbors the infectious pathogen, is in the beginning stages, displays symptoms, and can transmit the disease.
What is Incubatory Carrier?
Non-living thing (fomite, food, water, etc.) that conveys the infectious agent from its reservoir to a susceptible host.
What is Vehicle?
When an arthropod carries the pathogen and can transmit it.
What is Vector-Borne Transmission?
Limiting any disability through rehab when a person's pre-existing disease, injury, and/or disorder has caused damage.
What is Tertiary Prevention?
Individual(s) who display signs/symptoms of a disease/condition in an epidemic (i.e. COVID-19, Cholera, etc.), but haven't been diagnosed. Also applies to symptoms that are connected with certain pathogen(s).
What is Suspect Case?
An individual who has been exposed to/harbors the infectious pathogen and can spread the it in different places/intervals.
What is Intermittent Carrier?