Epidemiological Terms
What is epidemiology?
The scientific study of health problems that are found within populations.
Airborne transmission
Diseases that are spread through airborne settings.
Public health's main concern is to prevent health problems from occurring and to promote health.
True
Healthy carrier
A person who is healthy, but can still carry the disease within them.
What is primary prevention?
To prevent the incident from happening before it initially occurs.
What is analytic epidemiology?
Analytical epidemiology focuses on the search for causes and effects, or the why and the how (hence the word analytical). Epidemiologists use analytical epidemiology to examine the link between exposures and outcomes and to assess theories on causal connections.
Biological transmission
The vector ingests the disease, generally through the intake of contaminated food from an infected animal or via a pathogen.
The scientific observations and analysis found in specified populations are referred to as
Epidemiology
Passive carrier
A person who carries a disease without knowing they have it.
What is secondary prevention?
Focuses on early detection and the use of treatment.
What is descriptive epidemiology?
Descriptive epidemiology examines individuals, locations, and times. Data collection and analysis by time, place, and person are useful for a number of reasons. By carefully studying the data, the epidemiologist first becomes very acquainted with it.
Indirect transmission
When a person comes into contact with a thing or an object that a person who has the disease came in contact with.
What are some public health issues involving both infectious and chronic diseases in today's world?
To name a few public health issues: heart disease, cancer, diabetes, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease are all examples of public health issues.
Convalescent carrier
Individuals who have cured themselves of a sickness yet are still contagious.
What is tertiary prevention?
Minimize the impact of the original occurrence by eliminating the threat.
How many links are there in the chain of infection?
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. Mode of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
Direct transmission
An infectious agent that can be spread through direct contact (i.e., sexual intercourse, coughing, and sneezing are examples of this).
When comparing public health to other fields of study in medicine, an epidemiologist is more worried about what than a clinician?
When comparing both of these fields of study, an epidemiologist may focus on areas that influence change rather than preventing it. The clinician treats the patient's issue, while the epidemiologist identifies the source of that issue.
Incubatory carrier
The agent before a clinical illness shows up are known as incubatory carriers.
Rehabilitation programs and support groups can be considered examples of tertiary prevention strategies.
What is the epidemiological triangle?
Is a model for diseases. Host, agent, and environment make up the epidemiological triangle.
Types of transmissions
Examples of this include zoonotic, vector-borne, airborne, and ingested transmissions.
Areas of public health rely on what types of sciences to help diagnose the issue?
To name a few of these fields of study: biostatistics, biology, social sciences, and medicine are just a few fields of study that have helped public health achieve great goals.
Intermittent carrier
a person who carries an infectious agent inside of them.
*blank* prevention strategy focuses on educating society by preventing ways to increase resistance to these issues.
Primary prevention