Skeletal System
How many bones are in the human body?
206
What do muscles use to attach to bones?
Tendons
This type of joint can be found in the elbow
Hinge joint
What is one of the main purposes of the skeletal system?
Support and protection of organs
List these in order from top to bottom:
dermis, hypodermis, epidermis
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
What do bones use to attach to other bones?
Ligaments
What muscles are NOT attached to the bone and are arranged in layers to help the organs work?
Smooth muscles
Give an example of a saddle joint
Ankle
The largest bone in the body is the _________.
Femur
This small smooth muscle in the dermis is connected to each hair follicle and contracts when you get cold or nervous causing the hair to to pull straight up (goose bumps or yes.... goose pimples)
Arrector pili muscle
Which bone type consists of bone matrix with gaps in the network?
Spongy bone
Your heart contains what type of muscle?
Cardiac
These joints are located between the vertebrae in your spinal column.
Washer joints
Compact and spongy bone are both surrounded by a sheath of tissue called the _______.
Periosteum
Your hair and nails contain dead skin cells that go through a hardening process called ____________.
Keratinization
Describe the difference between the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
Axial consists of the trunk, head, and neck
Appendicular consists of legs, arms, and pelvic girdle (appendages attached to axial skeleton)
This small patch of cells is located in the heart and sets the pace for the heart using electrical signals (turning them on and off)
Sinoatrial node
This slippery (almost like an egg white) substance is produced by a membrane in joints to reduce friction between bones/cartilage.
Synovial fluid
What are the 3 main parts of the human body?
Skeletal system, muscular system, and skin
These produce oil that coats the hairs coming from the skin. They also excrete oil onto skin to prevent it from becoming dry.
Sebaceous glands
What two things compose the bone matrix?
Collagen and minerals
What is one similarity and one difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
Both have a striped appearance. Cardiac muscle is involuntary, while skeletal is voluntary.
What is the difference (in terms of range of motion) between a ball-and-socket joint and a hinge joint?
Ball-and-socket joints have a wide range of motion but are less stable, while hinge have a limited range of motion and are more stable.
Exoskeleton
What are two functions of the skin?
(1) Protects your body by preventing certain substances from getting inside, (2) helps sense the outside world and sends messages about those sensations to the brain, (3) starts process of making vitamin D