11.1
kings or queens who held all the power within their state boundaries
What is an absolute monarch?
The idea that nothing can ever be known for certain
What is skepticism?
The long struggle that followed England, Austria, the Dutch Republic, Portugal, and several German and Italian states joining together to prevent the Union
What was the War of the Spanish Succession?
A thirty year conflict over religion and territory and for power among European ruling families.
What was the Thirty Years' War?
Russia's landowning nobles whom fought to control young Ivan.
What are Boyars?
The idea that God created the monarchy
What is divine right?
A declaration of religious toleration that declared that the Huguenots could live in peace in France
What is the Edict of Nantes?
Louis's minister of finance that believed in merchantilism
Who is Jean Baptiste Colbert?
a seven year war in Europe,India, and North America. Competing economically in India.
What was the Seven Years' War?
The process where countries adapt to more modern and western technologies or advancements.
What is Westernization?
The ruler of spain who was shy and religious, yet a great ruler
Who is Philip II?
Government agents who collected taxes and administered justice
Who are intendants?
Followed his father's military policies when he came to power but softened his laws. Believed that a ruler should be like a father to his subjects.
Who was Frederick the Great?
Who was Ivan the Terrible?
Monarchs acted as God's representative on Earth and only listened to God due to this belief.
What is Divine Right?
Henry IV's weak son who reigned after him
Who was Louis XIII?
Woman who succeded her father who very successfully lead her kingdom.
Who was Maria Theresa?
Ruler who wanted to westernize Russia to make the country stronger. Was known to be a great ruler
Who was Peter the Great?
The most famous monarch of his time (17th century)
Who is Louis XIV of France?
Louis XIII's minister who became the ruler of France and moved against Huguenots
Who is Cardinal Richelieu?