Definitions
What do we call the buildup of excess interstitial fluid in the tissues, which can lead to swelling?
Edema
What is the difference between interstitial fluid and lymph?
Which one is enclosed in a capsule made of dense connective tissue, the lymph node or the lymph nodule?
The lymph node
What do we call the lymph nodules that are located in our throat?
Tonsils
What is the largest barrier in the first line of defense?
Skin
What type of immunity elicits a response targeted at a specific pathogen or toxin after exposure?
Acquired immunity
What do we call lymphatic tissue arranged into compact, somewhat spherical structures?
Lymph nodules
What controls the movement of lymph throughout the lymph vessels?
Contraction of skeletal muscles, smooth muscles in the larger lymph vessels, and by breathing.
Which type of vessel, afferent or efferent, carries fluid out of the lymph nodes?
Efferent
Where is the thymus gland located: head, neck, chest, or abdomen?
Chest
Which first line of defense traps the invaders?
Mucus
The second line of defense that responds to bacteria is which type of immunity, complement or interferon?
Complement
What kind of immunity is the same regardless of the pathogen or toxin encountered?
Innate immunity
How does lymph return to the circulatory system?
The subclavian veins in the shoulder.
Which type of vessel, afferent or efferent has only one attached to a single node?
Efferent
What are the three functions of the spleen?
1. Identify invaders
2. Remove RBC's
3. Store oxygen-rich blood
Where are lysosomes located that provide a first line of defense?
Tears
Which type of immunity is created by the B lymphocytes, Humoral Immunity or Cell-mediated Immunity?
Humoral Immunity
What do we call the chemicals that promote fever by acting on the hypothalamus?
Pyrogens
What prevents lymph from flowing in the wrong direction?
One way valves in the capillaries
What are the three main functions of the lymph nodes?
1. To "test" lymph for infection
2. Make lymphocytes
3. Cleanse the fluid with macrophages
What are the two functions of the thymus gland?
1. Secrete thymosin
2. Mature the T lymphocytes
Where are the first lines of defense mainly located?
At the openings of the body
Which lives longer, Plasma B cells or Memory B cells?
Memory B cells
What do we call concentrations of lymphatic tissue with no clear boundaries?
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
What are the three basic functions of the lymphatic system?
1. Fluid balance
2. Fat absorption
3. Immunological defense
What action takes place in the germinal centers?
Rapid mitosis of lymphocytes
What are Peyer's patches and where are they located?
They are lymph nodules in the intestines and appendix
What do we call the relationship with good bacterial in our intestines and on our skin?
Symbiotic
What type of immunity comes from a vaccine, active natural immunity, active artificial immunity, passive natural immunity, or passive artificial immunity?
Active artificial immunity