module 12 science
Define the following terms:
A. producer
B. consumers
C. Herbivore
D. Carnivore
E. Omnivore
F. Basal metabolic rate
Consumer: Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food.
Herbivore: A consumer that eats producers exclusively
Carnivore: A consumer that eats only other consumers.
Omnivore: A consumer that eats both producers and other consumers.
Basal metabolic rate: The energy by an individual at rest(when fastened and at thermoneutral temperature) as a result of normal cell and organ function within the body.
what does combustion produce?
Fuel, oxygen, heat, exhaust, heat
Is glucose a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, or a polysaccharide?
Monosaccharide
why is it important to eat either animal protein or a wide variety of plant protein?
Your cells must make proteins by linking together amino acids.
Jean and Wanda are essentially the same height, weight, and age. If jean needs to eat more calories than Wanda in order to keep her weight constant, Can you immediately conclude that Jean is more active than Wanda?
No, you cannot
From where does the energy in most living organisms ultimately originate?
The sun
what are the three macronutrients?
Fat, protein, carbohydrate
what are the two basic kinds of fat?
How can you distinguish them?
saturated fats, unsaturated fats
saturated fats are at a solid at room temperature. its found in butter, Lard and high fat meat.
and unsaturated fats are liquid its found in vegetables, oils, fish and nuts
Which type of animal has a higher BMR: an endothermic animal or an ectothermic animal?
A smaller endothermic animal.
When normalized by weight, which has a higher BMR: a horse or a mouse?
The mouse has the higher normalized BMR.
Label each of the following as a consumer, producer, or decomposer?
A. mushroom
B. evergreen bush
C. Worm
D. algae
mushroom is a decomposer.
evergreen bush is a producer.
worm is a decomposer.
algae is producer.
what is the main thing that macronutrients provide?
the nutritive components of food that the body needs for energy and to maintain the body's structure and system.
What are proteins made of?
hundreds or thousands of smaller unites called amino acids.
Which type of animal cannot be active on a very cold day: an endothermic animal or an ectothermic animal?
Ectothermic animals.
Where does the combustion of food take place?
In the Cell
what is the name of the chemical process that converts food into energy?
Combustion reaction
Do we need to eat more macronutrients or micronutrients?
Macronutrients
In what order does the body prefer to burn the macronutrients?
Carbohydrates first, and then fats, and finally proteins only if the other two fuels are depleted.
what do calories measure?
The amount of energy in an item of food or drink.
why is the Mitochondrion called the "powerhouse" of the cell?
Tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food.
What does combustion require?
it requires a series of chemical reaction that generate heat.
Which is larger: a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, or a polysaccharide?
Polysaccharide
When proteins are eaten, they are broken down into their amino acids. If your cells are short on amino acids, what happens to the amino acids that come from the proteins you eat? what happens if your cells have plenty of amino acids?
absorbed and used by cells to build other proteins and a few other macro molecules, such as DNA.
Consider two men. While they sleep, they burn about the same number of calories. However the first man needs significant more calories than the second in order to keep his weight constant. Which man is less active during the day?
second man.
How many basic steps are involved in the combustion of food?
Why do cells do it in such a complex way?
Three basic straps.