Terms
A pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that is deviant, distressful, dysfunctional, and/or dangerous
Psychological disorder
Involves excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation. People may realize their fear and anxiety is irrational but may still go to great lengths to avoid the stimulus.
Specific Phobia
According to ________ A psychological disorder is a condition that consists of Significant disturbances in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
American Psychological Association (APA) Definition of a Psychological Disorder
A classification systems that organizes psychological disorders systematically and appropriately identifies and labels a set of defined symptoms
Diagnosis And Statistical Manual (DSM)
Remove evil source of abnormal behavior by cutting a hole in the head to allow evil spirits a placed to escape.
Trepanning
Characterized by extreme and persistent fear or anxiety and avoidance of social situations in which the person could potentially be evaluated negatively by others, leading to serious impairments in life.
Social Anxiety Disorder
Characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood, as well as marked impulsivity. These individuals cannot tolerate the thought of being alone and will make frantic efforts to avoid abandonment or separation. Their relationships are usually intense and unstable. They have an unstable view of self and might suddenly display a shift in personal attitudes, interests, career plans, and choice of friends.
Borderline Personality Disorder
Repetitive and ritualistic acts, typically carried out primarily as a means to minimize the distress that obsessions trigger or to reduce the likelihood of a feared event.
Compulsions
An instantaneous reaction to an imminent threat.
Fear
Persistent, unintentional, and unwanted thoughts and urges that are highly intrusive, unpleasant, and distressing.
Obsessions
These individuals exhibit two or more separate personalities or identities. They experience memory gaps for the time during which another identity is in charge. These individuals tend to report a history of childhood trauma - Adoption of multiple personalities may serve as a psychologically important coping mechanism for threat and danger.
Dissociative Identity Disorder (formerly multiple personality disorder)
Involves a preoccupation with a perceived flaw in the individuals physical appearance that is either nonexistent or barely noticeable to other people.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Apprehension, avoidance, and cautiousness regarding a potential threat, danger, or other negative content that helps motivate us to take action, avoid certain things.
Anxiety
Characterized by a pervasive and inflexible personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of the individuals culture and causes distress or impairment. Usually begins to appear in adolescence or early adulthood.
Personality Disorders
This category includes: Antisocial personality disorder, Histrionic personality disorder, Narcissistic personality disorder and Borderline personality disorder
Cluster B Personality Disorders
Symptoms that may include: Weight loss or weight gain/increased or decreased appetite. Difficulty falling asleep or too much sleep. Psychomotor agitation or psychomotor retardation. Fatigue/loss of energy. Feelings of worthlessness or guilt. Difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness. Suicidal ideation – thoughts of death, thinking about/planning suicide, suicide attempt. May indicate
Major Depressive Disorder
Individual was exposed to, witnessed, or experienced the details of a traumatic experience (“actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence”)
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
This theory proposes that depression-prone people possess mental predispositions to think about most things in a negative way, using Depressive schemas which contain themes of loss, failure, rejection, worthlessness, and inadequacy. This faulty thinking prompts dysfunctional and pessimistic thoughts about the self, world, and the future.
Cognitive Theory
Involves mood states that fluctuate between depression and mania.
Bipolar Disorder
Repetitive and passive focus on the fact that one is depressed and dwelling on depressed symptoms, rather than distracting one’s self from the symptoms or attempting to address them in an active, problem-solving manner.
Rumination