Matter and Thermal Energy
Define melting point.
The temperature when a solid begins to turn into a liquid.
The force exerted per unit area is known as
pressure
What is the relationship between pressure and volume according to Boyle's law?
As volume decreases, pressure increases.
When the temperature of a substance is lowered, its particles vibrate _____.
Slower
__________ is an increase in the size of a substance when temperature is increased.
Thermal expansion
The resistance to flow is known as
viscosity.
As temperature increases, so does volume.
In a solid, how are particles arranged?
tightly together
In which state of matter do particles have the most kinetic energy?
Gas
Why do rocks sink in water and rubber balls float?
Rocks sink because the weight of the rock is greater than the buoyant force. The rubber ball floats because the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the ball.
What is the constant property in Charles's Law?
pressure
What is the name of the geometric pattern of atoms in a solid?
Crystal lattice
The change from a solid to a gas without the liquid state.
Describe the relationship between velocity and pressure of a fluid according to Bernoulli's principle.
As velocity increases, pressure decreases.
What would happen to the volume of a gas if the pressure on it were decreased and then the gas's temperature were increased?
Volume would increase.
If a 50 N object floats, the buoyant force is equal to _____.
50 N or more
How would the heating curve for glass be different from the heating curve for water?
Curve would be a gradual increase since glass melts slowly.
Explain why a steel block sinks and a steel ship floats?
The density of the ship is less than the block because it's filled with air. When the density is less than that of water, the object will float.
What would happen to a balloon taken underwater to a pressure of 303 kPa? (*Pressure at sea level is 101 kPa.)
Balloon would decrease to a third of the initial size.
Hydraulic machines apply ______ principle.
Pascal's