Atoms to Ions
Do metals gain or lose electrons?
Metals LOSE electrons
Do we use prefixes when naming ionic compounds?
No. Prefixes are only for covalent molecules.
What information do we need to write an ionic formula? (what on the Periodic Table is useful for this?)
We need to find the charges for each ion, then balance so they add to zero.
(Shortcut: switch the charges for the number of each ion in the formula)
Ex: Beryllium(+2) and Fluorine(-1)
Formula: BeF2
Do we need to use prefixes for naming covalent molecules?
Yes, we need to use prefixes to say how many of each atom are in the molecule.
Write the formula for hexacarbon disulfide
C6S2
Do nonmetals gain or lose electrons?
nonmetals gain electrons
Write the name for LiF.
Lithium fluoride
Write the formula for Magnesium Chloride
MgCl2
Mg+2 Cl-1 Cl-1
We needed two -1 charges to balance out the one +2 charge
Write the name for P3F2
Triphosphorus difluoride
Write the formula for pentaarsenic octaoxide
As5O8
Write the ion symbol for Calcium.
(Element symbol with its charge to the top right)
Ca+2
Write the name for MgO
Magnesium Oxide
Write the formula for Sodium Oxide
Na2O
Write the name for S5O7
pentasulfur heptaoxide
Draw the Lewis Structure for CH2F2
Carbon in the middle. valence electrons around F. Straight bonds showing electrons being shared.
Write the ion symbol for Phosphorus.
(Element symbol with its charge to the top right)
P-3
write the name for K2S
Potassium sulfide
Write the formula for Calcium Nitride
Ca3N2
Write the name for SiBr10
silicon decabromide
Draw the Lewis structure for PH3
Phosphorus in the middle. One lone pair of electrons on P and 3 H's bonded to P with straight lines showing the shared electrons.
Write the ion symbol for Aluminum.
Will Aluminum gain or lose electrons?
How many?
Al+3
Aluminum will lose 3 electrons when making an ion.
Write the name for Ca3P2
Calcium Phosphide
Show how electrons are transferred between ions when making the ionic compound between Sodium and Sulfur
Needs arrows going from the Sodium electrons to the open electron spaces on Sulfur. There will be 2 sodium ions and 1 sulfur ion.
Electrons are transferred in an ionic bond (shown with an arrow), they cannot be shared with a straight bond connecting them (that is a covalent bond)
write the name for N4F
tetranitrogen monofluoride
Draw the Lewis structure for C2H5Cl
2 carbons in the middle surrounded by 5 H's and 1 Chlorine (with all valence electrons drawn around Cl)