Basic Chemistry
A substance that cannot be broken down chemically into any other substance.
What is an element?
The most common of all the monosaccharides.
What is glucose?
The structure present in all cells where protein synthesis occurs.
What is a ribosome?
The portion of cellular respiration during which a net gain of two ATP molecules is made.
What is glycolysis?
The organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the chloroplast?
The chemical symbol and charge of a chlorine atom that has gained an electron in an ionic bond.
What is Cl-?
The class of macromolecule to which cellulose and glycogen belong.
What is polysaccharides?
The structure responsible for transporting materials within, into, and out of cells.
What is a vesicle?
The metabolic process that will occur if oxygen is NOT present as a last ditch effort to save a cell from death.
What is fermentation?
The pigment embedded in the thylakoid membrane responsible for the initial interaction between light and plant material.
What is chlorophyll?
Multiple atoms linked together via chemical bonds.
What is a molecule?
The class of macromolecules that are not soluble in water.
What are lipids?
The structure that synthesizes cell membrane components.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
The molecules that result from the hydrolysis of one ATP by water.
ADP and an inorganic phosphate.
The range of wavelengths that pigments used in photosynthesis can absorb.
What is 400 - 700 nm?
The strongest form of chemical bond.
What is a covalent bond? (Or: what is a triple covalent bond?)
The type of macromolecule that is informational.
What is DNA?
A structural component of the plasma membrane that is comprised of a carbohydrate attached to a protein.
What is a glycoprotein?
The number of turns of the Citric Acid cycle necessary to completely dismantle one glucose molecule.
The location in photosynthesis where water is produced.
What is Photosystem II?
An atom of iron has an atomic mass of 26 has ____ number of protons.
What is 26?
A type of lipid that contains carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.
What is an unsaturated fatty acid?
The process by which a cell can take in large particles, such as food particles.
What is endocytosis.
The location of the protein complexes in the Electron Transport Chain of cellular respiration.
What is the inner mitochondrial membrane?
The enzyme in photosynthesis that captures CO2 from the air to "fix" into a usable organic form.
What is RuBisCo?