Volume and Capacities
Inhalation
Exhalation
Anatomical Structures
Muscles
100
Amount of air that can be inhaled above TV
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
100
The primary muscle during inhalation
The diaphragm
100
Is alveolar pressure negative or positive during exhalation?
Positive
100
What is the difference between bronchi and bronchioles?
The bronchi is the primary airway which later divides into smaller and smaller passages which are the bronchioles, the tiniest airways.
100
The function of the muscles of the abdomen
Contract to decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity
200
Total amount of air the lungs can hold
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
200
The lung volume __ during inhalation and the intrapulmonary pressure ___.
increases, decreases
200
When exhalation occurs does alveolar pressure increase or decrease?
Increases
200
To which anatomical structure do the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and pharynx belong?
Upper respiratory system
200
The internal intercostal muscles __ the rib cage
Depress
300
Air remaining in the lungs after a maximum exhalation
Residual Volume (RV)
300
During life breathing what percent is part of inhalation
40%
300
How does the volume of the thoracic cavity change during exhalation?
Decreases as the diaphragm relaxes
300
When the diaphragm contracts, does the volume of the thoracic cavity increase or decrease?
Increases
300
When the diaphragm muscle contracts, what happens?
By pulling the central tendon downward and forward, the diaphragm expands the thorax vertically. It can also widen the thorax by lifting the lower six ribs.
400
State of equilibrium in the respiratory system
Resting Expiratory Level
400
What is the force that causes air to flow into the lungs
Changes in lung pressure
400
What is the difference between exhalation and inhalation?
Inhalation depends on active muscle forces and exhalation is passive and no active muscle force is required
400
What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
To help you inhale and exhale. Contracts and flattens when inhaled and relaxes and returns to its dome shape when exhaled.
400
Muscle activity for exhalation is __ for life and __ for speech
Passive, Active
500
Maximum amount of air that can be exhaled following a maximum inhalation
Vital Capacity
500
The pressure relative to atmospheric pressure during inhalation is
Negative (lower than atmospheric pressure)
500
In what way does exhalation contribute to the production of speech?
Supplying the airflow needed to vibrate the vocal cords, which produces the sound of speech.
500
What is the role of the alveoli in gas exchange during respiration?
Tiny sacs in the lungs where oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out of the blood to be exhaled.
500
What happens when the external oblique muscle contracts?
It draws the lower ribs downward and compresses the front and sides of the abdominal wall inward.
