Muscular
This muscle type has no striations
what is smooth muscle
Main organ of this system
What is skin
Helps break down the bone into calcium
What is osteoclasts
Tissue type that can fall under muscular system
what is muscles
What is Neuromuscular junction
the area where the neuron connects with the muscular part.
What is the function of T-tubules in muscle contraction?
It allows the transmission of the electrical signal from the sarcolemma towards the SR
What cell produces a pigments that protects us from UV radiation
what is melanocytes
What two hormones regulate the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts
PTH and Calcitonin
This tissue type is the most abundant in our body
What is connective tissue
True or False: osteoporosis is the process when the cartilage turns into bone
False
Structure of muscle (Largest to smallest)
muscle, fascicles, muscle fibers, myofibrils, sarcomere, myofilaments
What types of tissue makes up the epidermis and the dermis
epidermis: stratified squamous (epithelial)
Dermis: Loose areolar (connective tissue)
What are the 2 categories of skeleton and what are some of the bones that fall under them
Axial: skull, vertebrae, hip bone.
Appendicular: limbs like femur, humerus, radius, tibia, fibula, ulna
What are the 4 main tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
Most efficient way to produce ATP
Aerobic metabolism
Differentiate slow twitch vs fast twitch
Slow Twitch
• Contract slowly
• Make ATP as needed by aerobic
metabolism
• Many mitochondria
• Well-supplied with blood vessels
• Store very little glycogen
• “Red” muscle
• Used for endurance activities
Fast Twitch
• Contract quickly
• Rapidly break down ATP
• Fewer mitochondria
• Little or no blood vessels
• Store a lot of glycogen
• “White” muscle
• Capable of anaerobic metabolism
• Used for brief high-intensity
activities
What are the structures within the dermis and their function (smooth muscle, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, blood vessels)
Sebaceous glands: produce sebum which helps prevent dryness and helps protect against bacteria
Sweat glands: secrets sweat to regulate body temp
blood vessels: supplies blood throughout the dermis while providing oxygen and nutrients and excreting waste.
Smooth muscle: controls the contraction of the fair follicles while also regulating the blood flow in the dermis.
Name the joints, their degree of movement and an example of each
Fibrous: immovable, joints in between the parts of a skull
Cartilaginous: slight movable, joints between the vertebrae
Synovial: freely movable, the knee
Differentiate the different muscle types
Cardiac: striations, involuntary, intercalated disks
Smooth: no striations, involuntary
Skeletal: voluntary, striations
Different types of connective tissue
loose areolar, dense, elastic, and reticular
Write out or say the steps of muscle contraction. (from motor neuron releasing Ach to the cross bridge)
What are the 5 layers of the epidermis (bonus points if they are in order)
Stratum corneum, lucidum, Granulosum, spinosum, and basale.
Name the process of bone repairing
Hematoma forms at the fracture,
fibroblasts go to the area to begin the repair process,
a tough fibrocartilage callus is formed at the area of fracture,
osteoclasts would remove dead damaged bone and remnants of hematoma, osteoblasts would deposit new bone
Name every epithelial tissue with cell shape and layers and their functions
Simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, stratified squamous, (Bonues if they get PCCE or stratified cuboidal, and stratified columnar)
Describe the parts of a long bone: diaphysis, epiphysis, compact bone, spongy bone, yellow bone marrow and red bone marrow
diaphysis: made of compact bone, the shaft-like part of a long bone. provides strength and support
epiphysis: ends of a long bone, covered with articular cartilage, and have spongy bone
compact bone: outer layer of bone, more heavier but it is rigid and strong
spongy bone: stores red bone marrow and it lighter in weight
yellow bone marrow: energy reserve, where fat cells are found
red bone marrow: production of blood cells