Chest Trauma
This is defined as two or more adjacent ribs that are fractures in two or more places.
What is a Flail Chest
A drop in BP upon inhalation
In a patient who has a tension pneumothorax, and for whom clinical findings suggest immediate relief of the elevated pressures is needed, you must perform ____
What is a needle decompression
Excessive fluid in the pericardial sac, which compromises the heart and decreases cardiac output
What is Cardiac Tamponade
The spine is made up of how many bones
What is 33.
In a flail segment, this is the segment between two fracture sites that becomes separated from the surrounding chest wall, leaving it free to succumb to the underlying pressures
What is a Free Floating Segment
Small pneumothoraces that are not under tension - this may be caused by a penetrating trauma
What is a Pneumothorax
The preferred gauge needles to perform a needle decompression are sizes ____
Muffled heart tones, hypotension, and JVD are the classic combination of physical findings in 10-40% of patients with cardiac tamponade
What is Beck's Triad
C3 - C5 keep the ____ alive.
What is the diaphragm.
Once a flail segment has occurred, the underlying physiologic pressures cause what type of movement of the segment as compared to the rest of the chest wall
What is Paradoxical movement
Occurs when a chest wall defect allows air to enter the thoracic space. Usually a result of a penetrating chest trauma.
What is an open pneumothorax
A massive hemothorax is defined as accumulation of more than _____ mL of blood within the pleural space.
What is 1500 mL
This type of injury is characterized by local tissue contusion and hemorrhage, edema, and cellular damage within the involved myocardium
What is a Myocardial Contusion
The 33 bones of the spine are divided into five sections, what are they
What are the cervical, thoracis, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
The blunt force that causes flail segment can also produce this type of underlying lung tissue injury that can inhibit normal diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is Pulmonary Contusion
If air is being drawn into the chest by the negative inspiratory pressure, a _____ may be noted.
What is a sucking chest wound.
When performing a needle decompression at the anterior axillary line, your landmarks are located between the ____ and ____ rib.
What are the 5th and 6th ribs
If the thorax receives a direct blow during the critical portion of the heart's repolarization period, the result may be immediate cardiac arrest. This is know as..
What is Commotio Cordis
For most adults the spinal cord extends from the base of the skull to L2, where it separates into the ____ a collection of individual nerve roots.
What is the Cauda Equina
When flail segment occurs and poses a threat to your patient's ability to breathe and is headed towards respiratory failure, treatment includes
This is a life-threatening condition that results from continued air accumulation within the pleural space.
What is a Tension Pneumothorax
What physical finding may be absent with a hemothorax but present with a tension pneumothorax
What is JVD
This life-threatening injury is caused by a high velocity, high-injury impact causing the aorta of the heart to swing forward.
What is an aortic dissection
Spinal cord injury at or above the level of T6 may disrupt the flow of _______ communication.
What is sympathetic nervous system