Definitions
Activation Energy
The energy needed to get reactions started
Where protons and neutrons are found...
In the nucleus of atoms
How many total atoms are in one molecule of C22-H44-O?
67 Atoms. Add all the numbers together. The O has 1.
A water molecule is required for what reaction?
Hydrolysis reactions.
An enzyme does what?
Lowers the activation energy of a reaction
Cohesion
An attractive force that holds molecules of the same substance together.
11 protons, 10 neutrons, and 10 electrons is not an atom because?
An atom MUST have the same number of protons as electrons.
A covalent bond is...
When two atoms share a pair of electrons.
Hydrolysis reactions breakdown the disaccharide sucrose into...
Two monosaccharides
This holds the DNA's double helix together
Hydrogen bonding
Saturated fat
A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms.
Two atoms have the same number of neutrons but DIFFERENT numbers of protons. Do they belong to the same element?
NO, an element has the same number of protons
Deserts cool down more at night than towns near the ocean because...
Of water's HIGH HEAT CAPACITY
The 20 amino acids only vary in their...
side groups
The "Morse Code" of DNA is determined by
The nitrogenous or nucleotide base
Isomers
Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula.
Sulfur-34 has how many neutrons if it has 16 protons?
The number after the element tells the TOTAL number of neutrons and protons in the element. If there are 16 protons, there must be 18 neutrons bc 18 +16 = 34
What property of water is NOT a result of hydrogen bonding?
The RATIO of hydrogen to oxygen in water molecules
A specific reactant an enzyme acts upon
substrate
Unsaturated fatty acids must have...
An acid group and there is at least one DOUBLE bond between the carbons. Looks like this: C=C
Isotope
One of several forms of an element, each containing the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
When an atom loses an electron, what happens?
It becomes a positively charged ion.
A solution with a pH of 5 is...
ACIDIC
If there are 2 oxygen molecules in a carbohydrate, how many hydrogen molecules must there be?
Carbohydrates have the ratio 2:1 of H's to O's just like water. Thus, if there are 2 Os there must be 4 Hs
The properties of protein are determined by...
1) Type
2) number
3) order of amino acids linked together