Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent
It was located between two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates)
a city surrounded by countryside, military strength.
Who was the King of Babylon, and what was his greatest achievement?
Hammurabi; creating his code of laws
Phoenicians most important contribution was this.
Alphabet
This Persian emperor used a cavalry and a group called immortals when they went into battle.
Cyrus
List 5 elements that make up a civilization.
Social classes, writing, education, art, architecture
This was the world's first empire led by this man.
Akkadian Empire, Sargon
This military empire established a library full of legal, medical, religious, and literary texts.
Assyrian
Phoenicians became wealthy because of their ability to do this.
Trade
The Royal Road
Describe division of labor. What allowed for division of labor?
People can specialize in different tasks in a civilization. More productive farming/surplus
This was the greatest of the Sumerians cultural advances.
Cuneiform
List the Military empires in chronological order.
Babylon, Hittites, Kassites, Assyrians, Chaldeans
This was the main export of Phoenicia.
Timber
This emperor invaded Greece and was defeated at the Battle of Salamis
Xerxes
Why did people in Mesopotamia have to create an irrigation system? What did the irrigation system look like?
The rivers would flood causing destruction. Created canals, basins, network of ditches.
List the social hierarchy of Sumer.
Kings/queens, priests, craftspeople/merchants/traders, farmers/laborers, slaves
This military empire had the hanging gardens (trees and flowers that grew on roofs of buildings) and charted the positions of the stars.
Chaldeans
This material was an export of the Phoenicians that displayed wealth.
Purple cloth
Why did the Persians first invade Greece?
Greek city-states rebelled against the Persian empire.
These became the political, religious, cultural, economic centers of a civilization.
List 5 (or more) advances/inventions of the Sumerians.
wheel, plow, sailboats, clock, sewers
This military empire mastered ironworking and used the chariot to help them in battle.
Hittites
Phoenicians used stars to do this.
Navigate across the Mediterranean Sea.
At the Battle of Thermopylae, Greece held its own until this happened.
Greek traitor led the Persians another route to attack Greece from behind.