Key Vocabulary
A group on which information is being gathered and analyzed
What is a population?
A sample where all members of the population have an equal chance of being selected
What is a simple random sample?
The type of members of a population that are investigated
What is an experimental unit?
An experimental design where the members of the sample all have an equal chance of being in any one group
What is a completely randomized design?
Bias that occurs when members of the experiment chose to participate
What is voluntary response bias?
A smaller studied version of a larger group
What is a sample?
A sample where the population is broken up into smaller groups and then a certain amount of groups are randomly selected
What is a cluster sample?
The changes applied to the members of a sample
What is a treatment?
An experimental design where the members of the sample are split into categories to adjust for a confounding variable before being assigned to a treatment
What is block design?
Bias that occurs when members of the experiment cannot be contacted or refuse to participate
What is non-response bias?
A process that investigates and attempt to demonstrate the cause and effect relationship between two variables
What is an experiment?
A sample where the population is broken up into smaller groups and then a certain amount of members from each group are randomly selected
What is a stratified sample?
Repeatability in an experiment
What is replication?
An experimental design where the members of the sample are compared to either themselves or one other member
What is matched pairs design?
Bias that occurs when members of the experiment provide inaccurate information
What is response bias?
A research study in which researchers collect information from a single group or look at data that was already collected
What is an observational study?
A sample where a random starting point is selected and then members of the population are selected based on a set pattern
What is a systematic sample?
A method to decrease bias in a sample by reducing or eliminating human choice of members
What is randomization?
An experiment where neither the members nor the researchers know what treatment is applied until the conclusion of the experiment
What is a double-blind experiment?
Bias that occurs when questions are confusing or misleading
What is wording of the question bias?
A tendency to gather data that present an inaccurate representation of the population
What is bias?
A non-randomized sample based off of ease of data collection
What is a convenience sample?
A component of an experiment that can cause bias and effect the credibility of findings
What is a confounding variable?
A control group of an experiment where a fake treatment is applied
What is a placebo?
Bias that occurs when members of the population are less likely to be chosen for the experiment
What is undercoverage bias?