Scene Size-up
Which of the following is correct?
A. The scene size up gives us a better idea on the patients condition.
B. You can obtain important information from a brief survey of the scene.
C. The scene size up should be preformed at the beginning of the call only.
D. When conducting the scene size up, your biggest concern should be the patient’s safety.
B. You can obtain important information from a brief survey of the scene.
You have a patient with a slight altered mental status and a history of diabetes. The patient states they have an insulin pump that malfunctioned. What should you do?
A. Give them insulin.
B. Check for skin color, temperature, and condition
C. Transport to a facility with diabetic capabilities
D. Look for DCAPBTLS
B. Check for skin color, temperature, and condition
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
A sign is what you as the EMT see and a symptom is what the patient tells you.
The only thing that should prevent an EMT from performing the reassessment of a patient is:
A. police orders.
B. life-saving interventions.
C. delayed transport.
D. initial vital signs that are normal
B. life-saving interventions.
In the blood pressure reading 140/90, the number 90 is the
A. Perfusion pressure
B. Pulse pressure
C. Systolic pressure
D. Diastolic pressure
D. Diastolic pressure
What is the relationship between mechanism of injury and the patient's actual injuries?
A.The patient is likely to be injured.
B.There is no proven relationship between mechanism of injury and actual injury.
C.The patient won't be injured.
D.The patient will definitely be injured.
B. There is no proven relationship between mechanism of injury and actual injury.
** There is no proven direct link between mechanism of injury and actual injury. It is used in the field as part of an index of suspicion to help predict injury in combination with other signs and symptoms**
You are on scene with a patient who has shortness of breath. You have given an NRB with supplemental oxygen at 15 lpm. What is the next step?
A. Transport the patient
B. Ensure their airway is still open
C. Obtain their heart rate
D. Check pulse oximetry to see if breathing improved
A. Transport the patient
You are on scene with a young male complaining of difficulty breathing with respirations of 28 and history of asthma. What should you do before the secondary assessment?
A. Get the rest of the vital signs
B. Call Medical Control
C. Primary Assessment
D. Assist the patient with his inhaler
C. Primary Assessment
A prehospital care report can become all of the following EXCEPT:
A. evidence in a legal case.
B. part of the hospital’s permanent records.
C. data in a research project.
D. private property controlled by the patient.
D. private property controlled by the patient.
Vital signs are repeated about every ____ minutes for an unstable patient.
A.2
B.10
C.15
D.5
D.5
Which of the following is correct?
A. When approaching a vehicle fire limited to the engine compartment, you should park at least 50 feet away.
B. When there are no apparent dangers, there is not a set distance you should park the ambulance.
C. When there are downed wires, it is safe to approach as long as the wires are stationary.
D. In a case where gas has spilled, extend the danger zone 100 feet in all directions.
D. In a case where gas has spilled, extend the danger zone 100 feet in all directions.
Which of the following would not be performed as part of the primary assessment?
A. Administering oxygen by non-rebreather mask
B. Obtaining a chief complaint
C. Obtaining a respiratory rate
D. Treating for shock
C. Obtaining a respiratory rate
**You would check for the presence of a breathing by assessing if it's adequate or inadequate. You would not count an actual respiratory rate during the primary assessment. All of the other choices are part of the primary assessment**
What are you inspecting for on the neck?
DCAPBTLS, JVD, TD
Reassessment is a means of determining:
A. mechanism of injury.
B. Trending.
C. consent.
D. liability.
B. Trending.
If the amount of light decreases, the pupils will
A. Decrease in size, then increase in size
B. Decrease in size
C. Stay the same size
D. Increase in size
D. Increase in size
**Pupils will dilate, or become larger, when light decreases
Which of the following is not a part of the scene size-up?
A. Determining the mechanism of injury
B. Determining the number of patients
C. Establishing an airway
D. Taking body substance isolation precautions
C. Establishing an airway
Which of the following would merit the C-A-B sequence?
A. The presence of a significant MOI.
B. The patient being in obvious pain.
C. The patient appearing lifeless.
D. The patient is having difficulty breathing
C. The patient appearing lifeless.
**This is a life threat that must be addressed immediately**
What would you ask to assess the quality of a patient's pain?
A. How long has this issue been going on?
B. One a scale of 1-10, how would you rate your pain?
C. Where else does it hurt?
D. How would you describe the pain you're feeling?
D. How would you describe the pain you're feeling?
The medical radio report provided to the hospital when transporting a patient includes which of the following?
A. All sets of vital signs taken
B. Detailed patient medical history
C. Patient race
D. Chief complaint
D. Chief complaint
**The radio report to the hospital should be clear and concise. The chief complaint provided by the patient is important and should be included. Usually only one set of vital signs (baseline) is necessary. Giving all sets taken is usually not necessary. Providing the age and gender of the patient is usually done but the race is not medically relevant information during transport. While the hospital might require a brief medical history, a detailed report of the SAMPLE history information can be provided after arriving at the hospital either in person or by inclusion in the prehospital care report.**
The blood pressure cuff should cover what portion of the upper arm?
A.1/2
B.2/3
C.3/4
D.1/3
B.2/3
According to the CDC's trauma triage guidelines, what distance is considered a significant mechanism for an adult fall?
A.30 feet
B.20 feet
C.8 feet
D.10 feet
B.20 feet
You respond to what appears to be an unresponsive patient in their bed. They do not look at you when you enter and you see chest rise and fall. What should you do?
A. Control C-spine
B. Transport
C. Check for responsiveness
D. Check for a pulse
C. Check for responsiveness
**In this question, you are at the general impression. Next is c-spine however, there is no indication in question about spinal compromise so it is not needed. You need to check their level of consciousness. **
How do you assess the chest during the rapid trauma assessment?
A. Inspect the thorax, Palpate for instability, Auscultate the lungs
B. Inspect the chest and check for swelling
C. Inspect for deformities, auscultate the lungs, check the back for bleeding
D. Apply a dressing if there is bleeding
A. Inspect the thorax, Palpate for instability, Auscultate the lungs
Which of the following is NOT checked during reassessment?
A. Patient complaint
B. Interventions
C. Past medical history
D. Blood pressure
C. Past medical history
**Components of the ongoing assessment include rechecking the primary assessment, retaking vital signs, reassessing chief complaint, and assessing interventions you have performed. You do not take the past history again
Skin that is yellow in color usually indicates
A. Shock
B. Problems with the liver
C. Pneumonia
D. Hypoxia
B. Problems with the liver
You have a 3 year old child who was hit with a baseball bat to the abdomen. You see bruising in the LUQ. What would you suspect to be most likely wrong with the patient?
A. Distension from the internal bleeding
B. Broken ribs from the impact
C. Trauma to the spleen
D. Shortness of breath
C. Trauma to the spleen
You respond to a gunshot victim with blood on his shirt. After assessing his LOC, you should:
A. Check the airway
B. Get a general impression
C. Provide oxygen and transport
D. Expose the chest and treat the wound
D. Expose the chest and treat the wound
You have a patient complaining of shortness of breath. What type of exam are you going to do, what body part do you assess, and what are you looking for?
Focused medical exam
Chest (areas above and below)
Inspect DCAPBTLS, Palpate TIC, Auscultate
JVD, TD, Pedal or sacral edema
You are caring for a patient with a minor ankle sprain. When should you re-assess vitals?
A) Not necessary since this not something serious.
B) Every 10 minutes
C) Every 5 minutes
D) Every 15 minutes
D) Every 15 minutes
What method can be used to tells us how well the tissues are using oxygen by measuring the amount of CO2 exhaled (ETCO2).
A. Pulse Oximeter
B. Capnography
C. Oxygen Saturation
D. Blood Glucose
B. Capnography
You arrive at the scene of a reported domestic dispute near your station. Due to the rapid response time you arrive before police. As you cautiously approach the front door you hear loud shouting and what sounds like glass breaking coming from within. What should you do?
A) Clear the scene, return to the station, and wait for dispatch to resend you to the address after the police arrive.
B) Stand to the side of the door and knock loudly.
C) Return to ambulance and stage a few blocks away while waiting for police
D) Cautiously peer in the windows to see what is going on.
C) Return to ambulance and stage a few blocks away while waiting for police
During the primary assessment, you note an unconscious patient lying in bed with gurgling and shallow breathing. You should:
A. initiate positive pressure ventilations.
B. hold manual stabilization of the head.
C. insert an oropharyngeal airway.
D. suction the oral cavity.
D. suction the oral cavity.
The appropriate way to assess distal sensation is:
A) ask the patient to push against your hands.
B) feeling the posterior tibia pulse
C) touch a toe and ask if the patient can identify which is being touched.
D) ask the patient to wiggle their toes.
C) touch a toe and ask if the patient can identify which is being touched.
If an online physician orders medication, an EMT should:
A. administer it immediately.
B. repeat back the order word for word.
C. accept the order without question.
D. respond “order received.”
B. repeat back the order word for word.
An oxygen saturation reading of ____ percent or less indicates mild hypoxia.
A. 91
B. 85
C. 96
D. 98
A. 91
**Oxygen saturation readings from 95 - 91 indicate mild hypoxia.**
Your patient has a significant mechanism of injury. This means that:
A. The patient will likely have a serious injury
B. The patient will definitely have a serious injury
C. The patient will likely not be injured
D. The patient may or may not have a serious injury
D. The patient may or may not have a serious injury
Which of the following describes a patient who is "verbal" on the AVPU scale?
A. Turns to face the EMT when asked a question
B. The patient moans when pinched
C. An oriented patient who speaks easily
D. A patient who is screaming in pain
A. Turns to face the EMT when asked a question
*Do not confuse this with the patient being able to speak. This means they are responding to your verbal commands*
Which of the following questions would help determine the "Q" in OPQRST?
A. What were you doing when the pain started?
B. Does the pain shoot to any other parts of your body?
C. How is the pain on a 1 - 10 scale?
D. Can you describe the pain to me?
D. Can you describe the pain to me?
All the following can be found in a well-written narrative EXCEPT:
A. pertinent negatives.
B. radio codes.
C. specialized medical terminology.
D. standardized abbreviations.
B. radio codes.
You can't locate a pulse on either wrist but the patient is responsive. There is a carotid pulse. This most likely indicates
A.Anxiety
B.Stroke
C.Shock
D.Hypoxia
C. Shock
** The information presented indicates reduced perfusion (shock). While it would be beneficial to know more information about the patient to answer this question, the other factor in choosing shock as a correct answer is because the other choices are not likely to cause the symptoms presented by the patient.**
A patient was the passenger in a collision that caused significant intrusion into the passenger side door. You would suspect injury to the
A. Pancreas
B. Spleen
C. Liver
D. Appendix
C. Liver
Which of the following is high priority?
A) A 20 year old male difficulty urinating.
B) A 26 year old female in labor.
C) A 40 year old male who is responsive, but not following commands.
D) A 36 year old male who amputated his pinky while chopping some vegetables
C) A 40 year old male who is responsive, but not following commands.
*Pt has an AMS which means they could be in shock or hypoxic. Women have babies all the time and can be in labor for days*
When assessing the neck, which indicates a possible tension pneumothorax?
A) Midline trachea
B) Jugular vein distention
C) Paradoxical motion
D) Bilateral breath sounds
B) Jugular vein distention
You respond to find a responsive 48 year old male who fell from a 4 foot ladder and is complaining about shoulder pain. There were no significant findings during your primary and secondary exams. During transport, the patient becomes, cool, clammy and unresponsive. You should next:
A. Repeat the primary assessment.
B. Repeat the Secondary Assessment.
C. Reassess the vital signs.
D. Reassess the interventions.
A. Repeat the primary assessment.
Your patient with chest discomfort is alert and has an oxygen saturation of 96%. Oxygen should be administered:
A) No oxygen is required in this patient
B) By non-rebreather mask at 12 - 15 lpm
C) By nasal cannula at 6 lpm
D) By venturi mask at 50 - 60%
A) No oxygen is required in this patient
The scene size-up should take place:
A. only at the beginning of a call.
B. at the beginning and throughout the entire call.
C. at the beginning and at the end of the call.
D. after life-threatening conditions have been corrected
B. at the beginning and throughout the entire call.
You are en-route to a MVC where you will back up an EMS unit already on-scene. They advise you by radio that you will be picking up an unresponsive female patient with a head injury. They add that she is currently breathing spontaneously at 34/minute, pulses are present, all active bleeding has been managed, and the vitals are stable. Given this, what vital aspect of the primary survey did they not advise you of?
A) Actual heart rate
B) SAMPLE history and OPQRST findings
C) Patient's weight and ethnicity
D) Airway patency
D) Airway patency
*All other answers are done in the secondary assessment*
You have just inspected the neck of an unresponsive patient who has fallen 20 feet off of a ladder. What should you do next?
A. Gain manual stabilization of the cervical spine
B. Inspect the chest for wounds
C. Apply a c-collar
D. Log roll the patient
C. Apply a c-collar
During the reassessment, you should ask the patient about:
A. current medication.
B. previous surgeries.
C. insurance information.
D. changes in symptom
D. changes in symptoms
Which term best defines an abnormal lower-airway sound associated with breathing due to bronchial constriction?
A. Wheezing.
B. Stridor.
C. Gurgling.
D. Crackles.
A. Wheezing.
A 31-year-old male jumped from a fourth-floor window and landed feet first onto the pavement below. Based on this mechanism of injury, you should suspect which one of the following areas to sustain the most damage?
A Lumbar spine
B Sacral spine
C Thoracic spine
D Cervical spine
A Lumbar spine
A 63-year-old male presents with a new onset of right-sided facial droop and a lethargic mental status. As you load him onto a stair chair for extrication, he exhibits snoring respirations. You should:
A) immediately suction the airway
B) continue extrication but move quickly
C) tilt his head forward to stop the snoring
D) stop movement and reposition his airway
E) Keep going and hope for the best
D) stop movement and reposition his airway
You respond to an accident where a pedestrian was hit by a truck. Upon inspection of the pelvis, you note that there is a deformity to the Right side of the pelvis. What should you do next?
A. Palpate the pelvis for instability
B. Check pulses because there may be internal bleeding
C. Assess the extremities
D. Stabilize c-spine
C. Assess the extremities
The first step of reassessment is to repeat the:
A. primary assessment.
B. patient history.
C. vital signs.
D. physical assessment.
A. primary assessment.
While accessing your patient's respiratory rate, you notice an abnormality. Which of the following would be considered normal for a 4 year old child's respirations?
A.12
B. 8
C. 25
D. 40
C. 25
What injury pattern is most common with a rear end collision?
A. Spine.
B. Chest.
C. Abdomen.
D. Legs.
A. Spine.
A 77-year-old male resident of a nursing home complains of difficulty breathing. He has a history of mild dementia (memory lost). The most appropriate way to evaluate the mental status of this patient would be to:
A .ask staff members what his baseline mental status is.
B. ask him who the vice-president of the United States is.
C. ask him if he knows where he is
D. perform a Cincinnati prehospital stroke examination
A .ask staff members what his baseline mental status is.
Describe what a flail chest is. Describe the movement that can occur and what injuries may you suspect?
2 or more ribs broken in two or more places.
Paradoxical movement: chest wall moving in opposite direction
Tension pneumothorax . cardiac tamponade
What is a mobile radio?
A. Two-way radio that that is used or affixed in a vehicle.
B. Two way radio that allows radio signals to be transmitted over longer distances.
C. Two-way radio can be carried by the individual.
D. Two-way radio at a fixed site such as a hospital, or dispatch center.
A. Two-way radio that that is used or affixed in a vehicle.
Where should you first assess the heart rate for an infant?
A. Radial artery.
B. Femoral artery.
C. Brachial artery.
D. Carotid artery.
C. Brachial artery.