Origins and Expansion of the Universe
Gravity in the Solar System
Random
Random
100
What is the theory that explains the beginning of the universe that is mostly accepted by scientists?
The Big Bang Theory
100
The Moon is a natural satellite of Earth and revolves around it in a fixed orbit. Which mass/force is responsible for the Moon revolving around Earth?
The gravitational pull of the earth.
100
Which two pieces of evidence greatly support the Big Bang Theory?
The presence of cosmic background radiation and the expansion of the universe (confirmed by redshift).
100
What keeps the Moon in orbit around Earth?
Earths Gravity
200
Explain how rising dough is a good model for the behavior of the universe. 
The expanding dough imitates the expansion of space and time, with the raisins moving further apart from each other as the dough (universe) expands.
200
At which position will the planet be moving with the greatest velocity? 
Position 4
200
What is "Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation"
Leftover radiation (energy) from the big bang.
200
How would you describe the big bang theory?
A rapid expansion of energy and space.
300
A scientist studies the light from a distant galaxy. The light from the galaxy shows a shift to longer wavelengths.
What can the scientist conclude about the galaxy?
The galaxy is redshifted and moving away from the observer.
300
How would the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon change if the Moon was twice as far away?
The force would decrease.
300
What element is the most abundant in stars and was formed shortly after the Big Bang?
Hydrogen
300
When did the big bang occur?
13.8 Billion Years Ago
400
The graph shows the velocities and distances from Earth for several galaxies in the universe.
What can be concluded from the graph?
The farther the galaxy, the faster it moves away from Earth.
400
How can the gravity be increased in the following scenario. Multiple Answers.
Bring the two planets closer together - Increase the mass of either planet.
400
Which combination numbered locations will results in spring tides (HIGH high tides and LOW Low Tide) and neap tides (more moderate tides).
Spring Tide = position 2 and 4
Neap Tide = position 1 and 3
400
Spectral lines of different elements are shown in the following chart. Which 3 elements are present in the star?
Hydrogen
Neon
Sodium
500
Explain the doppler effect, redshift, and how the two are related.
When an object in moving, whether an ambulance or galaxy, longer wavelengths are emitted from the rear of the object. Longer wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum and related to the "red" end of the spectrum, hence, redshift.
500
Explain how gravity affected the formation of planets from a disk of gas and dust.
What is gravity pulled clumps of matter together into planetesimals, which grew into planets?
500
Draw the alignment of the Sun, Moon, and Earth which results in the HIGHEST High tides and the LOWEST Low Tides.
500
The graph shows the orbital speeds of the eight planets in the solar system, and the table gives additional information about the planets. Write a sentence or two interpreting the graph and data table.
Answers will vary.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars orbit the fastest because they are closer to the Sun, and they have strong gravitational attractions to the Sun.