Epidemiology
This Epidemiological phase involves individual organisms linked to specific diseases; links exposures to occurrences
Infectious Disease Phase
This infection is transmitted via droplet precautions and is most common in the winter months
Influenza
This is the leading cause of death in the United States
Heart disease
A nurse is educating a patient with an HbA1c of 9 on alternatives to drinking soda throughout the day. This is a form of what type of prevention?
Tertiary
Gender, age, and family history are all examples of this
This phase is described as Illness related to foul emanations from soil, air, and water
Sanitary Phase
A PHN is out in the community, screening and monitoring for new infections during an epidemic. What type of surveillance is this?
Active
This disease is strongly associated with activity, weight and nutritional intake. Type II is the most common.
Diabetes
A nurse is creating a pregnancy prevention seminar for high school students. This is a form of what type of prevention?
Primary
This epidemiological phase is described as the linking of exposures to the occurrence of injury or disease that helps to identify risk factors that, when reduced, may result in a subsequent reduction in morbidity and mortality
Risk Factor Phase
These are the 3 parts of the Epidemiology Triangle
Agent, Host, Environment
These are the 4 reportable STIs
HIV, gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia
There is a potential ethical dilemma regarding this activity for people who may not have the access, funds or transportation for follow up care.
Screening
A provider is ordering a HbA1c on a patient with a family history of DM II. This is a form of what type of prevention?
Secondary
Nutrition, activity, alcohol and tobacco are examples of these
Modifiable risk factors
These are the 3 Epidemiological Constructs
Person, Place, Time
These diseases (excluding STIs) are reportable infections.
Pertussis, anthrax, MMR, Lyme Disease, Chicken Pox
This care model focuses on chronic care and prevention over acute care
Integrated Care Model or Chronic Care Model
A group of students are volunteering to give away free condoms at First Fridays in Phoenix. This is a form of what type of prevention?
Primary
This activity significantly increases the risk of skin cancer.
Indoor tanning or tanning.
The proportion of people exposed to an agent who develop the disease against the total number of people exposed
Attack rate
Maternal morbidity is determined by reviewing cause of death from death certificates, and associating them with the linked birth certificate data. This is a form of what type of surveillance?
Passive
Use of this substance is linked to over 200 types of diseases, from diabetes to cancers and beyond.
Alcohol
A group of students have volunteered to perform finger-stick HIV testing at a local bar, and will refer the patrons to a navigator for access to PrEP or treatment clinic that meets their financial needs. This is a form of what type of prevention?
HIV testing is Secondary.
PrEP is Primary
Treatment if positive is Tertiary.
Air pollution, soil contamination and water purification are examples of these
Environmental risk factors