Cognition&Language
What is cognition?
how someone interprets and understands information by the things around them or experinces.
What is a problem-solving strategy? give example
When someone comes up with a plan to fix the problem that your mind articulates.
Examples: You tear your dress, and you decide to use a popin pin to fix it.
You run out of garlic powder while cooking, so you decide to use onion powder as a substitue.
What is creativity? Give example
Creativity is the ability to generate, create, or discover new ideas, solutions, and possibilities.
Example: The person created the first phone.
What does IQ measure?
Intelligence quotient is the score a person receives on a test that is created to test someone's IQ.
Why is intelligence a controversial concept?
Intelligence is controversial because psychologists disagree on what intelligence is and how it can be measured.
How does language influence the way people think and understand the world?
Language influences how people think, understand, and process information. For example, if someone hears pink is for girls and blue is for boys they may grow up association pink is only for girls.
Define trial and error?
When you have to come up with different solutions to fix the problem until you get it correct.
For example a family is unhappy with the results of there loved one so the funeral director fixes the problem until the family is satifisfied.
What is cultural intelligence and analytical intelligence??
Cultural intelligence is the ability to understand or relate to a culture that is different from your own.
Analytical intelligence is the ability to problem solve, compare and contrast reffering to acedemic promblem solving
What is the average IQ score?
100
Why are IQ tests controversial
because they may not measure all the types of intelligence & can sometimes be influenced by cultural or social factors.
What are the main components of language?
Lexicon and Grammar
What is an algorithm?
An algorithm is a step by step formula or set of instructions used to solve a problem and to reach someones wanted results.
What are the three parts of the triarchic theory of intelligence, and explain them?
Practical intelligence: Problem-solving from past experiences, and Sternan classified it as street smarts
Analytical Intelligence: Aligned with academic problem-solving and calculations. Being able to contrast, compare, analyze, judge, etc.
What are the two factors that influence intelligence?
Enviroment and Genetics
What was Alfred Binet’s purpose for developing intelligence tests?
Answer
Binet and Theodore Simon developed the test to measure a child’s so called mental age to identify children who needed extra help in school.
Define concepts ? Concepts are informed by?
Concepts are categories that are grouped together from life experiences that are observed by detais around the indiviusal.
Concepts are informed by our semantic memory
Define mental set?
Mental set is when someone uses the same problem-solving technique from their past, even if it no longer works.
What is the difference between divergent and convergent thinking?
Divergent thinking is like thinking outside the box, generating many types of ideas to arrive at a solution.
Convergent thinking, on the other hand, involves ising a single solution to a problem.
What can you conclude from the experiment in Figure 7.16 ?
The twins that shared 100% DNA had a higher IQ score, which suggests that genetics plays a part in intelligence.
Why can't traditional intelligence tests measure creativity ?
They only want one answer
What is schema? Define and give examples of two types of schema
Schema is a mental construct that helps the brain process and interpret information. The role of schema is to help a person's mind interpret another person in a different role. Event schema is a set of behaviors that feel like a routine(chpt 7.1)
An example of role schema is when some people find out someone is a funeral director; they assume they are weird
Example of event schema: Some people, when trying new food, would smell their food before eating it.
What is confirmation bias?
Confirmation bias is when someone focuses on information that supports what they already believe while ignoring information that doesn't align with their beliefs.
Why can intelligence have different meanings in different cultures?
Different cultures may value different abilities more than others. For example, someone's culture may see someone being a doctor as being very intelligent compared to a professor.
How can a supportive environment affect a person’s intellectual development?
A person in a supportive and stimulating environment can help someone reach their potential. For example, a child in a home with parents that helps them with there homework may have a highter potential than another child who parents are in the home helping there child with there homework.
How were intelligence tests used during the eugenics movement?
Intelligence tests were used to enforce the sterilization of around 60,000 people.