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What are 3 characteristics of cells?
ingestion, digestion, respiration, transport, homeostasis, synthesis, secretion, excretion, egestion, irritability, movement, reproduction
What is different about prokaryotic and eukarytotic cells?
prokaryotic cells have no nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Where does cellular respiration occur?
mitochondria
What are 2 jobs of the plasma membrane?
-provides protection and support
-regulates which substances move in and out of a cell
-maintains different chemical environment inside and outside of cell
What term refers to movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration?
diffusion
What 2 domains contain organisms made of prokaryotic cells?
Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria
What are 2 organelles that prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
(DNA), plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
What is the extensive network of folded membrane that is found throughout the cytoplasm and transports proteins and lipids?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the name of the model that describes a plasma membrane as having different components that are able to move around?
Fluid Mosaic Model
What term refers to diffusion of water from an area of higher water concentration (lower solute) to an area of lower water concentration (higher solute)?
osmosis
Where is the main DNA stored in a cell?
the nucleus
List 2 of the 3 parts of the Cell Theory.
all living organisms are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms, cells arise from existing cells
Where are proteins and lipids modified and packaged for sending?
The Golgi apparatus
What is the main type of molecule that makes up the plasma membrane?
phospholipid
What term refers to a solution with a lower solute (higher water) concentration compared with another solution?
hypotonic
What organelle regulates what comes in and goes out of a cell?
the plasma membrane
What are two organelles found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells?
cell wall (plasmodesmata), central vacuole, plastids (chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts)
What organelle contains enzymes to break down unneeded cell parts?
lysosome
What are the 2 main parts of a phospholipid molecule?
the hydrophilic head, and the hydrophobic tail
What term refers to a solution with a higher solute (lower water) concentration compared with another solution?
Hypertonic
Where are proteins made in the cell?
ribosomes
What is one organelle that is found in animal cells, but not in plant cells?
lysosomes, centrioles
Where are ribosomes made?
the nucleolus
What type of membrane allows some molecules to pass through, but not other molecules?
a semipermeable membrane
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
passive transport moves things from higher to lower concentration and does not require energy
active transport moves things from lower to higher concentration, against the gradient, and does require energy