OTHER
-- air passageway for respiration
-- aid to olfaction
-- alimentation
-- protecting the lungs
protecting the lungs
What is the only sense that is not processed by the thalamus?
Olfactory
which intrinsic muscle will elevate the tongue tip to allow you to produce /t/?
superior longitudinal
These muscles must contract to produce nasal sounds
Muscles depressing the velum
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeal
Tensor veli palatini
These must contract to produce nasal sounds (open the V-P port)
Which is the largest cavity of the three?
laryngopharynx
_________ is the influence of the articulatory movements of one sound on another sound
coarticulation
What are the four different types of receptors involved in the somatosensory aspect of swallowing?
- mechanoreceptors
- thermoceptors
- nocireceptors
- proprioception
what extrinsic tongue muscle will help pull the sides down to help produce /l/?
Hyoglossus
If I produced a bilabial sound, such as /p/, /b/ or /m/, what muscles would be involved? Mandible? Lips?
- mandible: temporalis, masseter, and internal pterygoid (ELEVATORS)
-lips: orbicularis oris
Eustachian tube opening is in which cavity?
NASOPHARYNX
name at least 3 components of the nasal cavity
- vestibule
- turbinates (inferior, medial, superior)
- nasal meatuses
- chonae
- etc
Which is not a type of somatosensory experience?
Olfaction
Pain
Vision
Pressure
Propieriception
Temperature
Audition
Olfaction, vision, audition
Function of Levator veli palatini?
elevates and retracts posterior velum
Describe the difference between LINGUADENTAL sounds and LABIODENTAL sounds and give an example of each
- linguadental: placing the tongue tip between the upper and lower teeth. [θ] - thin, [ð] - then
LABIODENTAL: compressing the upper teeth onto the lower lip
/f/ face, or /v/ vase
TRUE OR FALSE: Papilla comprise the lining of the throat and nose mucosa.
False, they comprise the tongue
what are the four unpaired bones of the skull?
-ethmoid
-sphenoid
-frontal
-occipital
What are the three parts of the esophagus from superior to inferior?
S to I, Cervical, Thoracic, Abdominal
Complete the statement:
If the velum is _____, and the VP port is ______, consonants are NASAL
If the velum is _____ and touching the pharyngeal wall and VP port is ______, such sounds are ORAL
If the velum is DOWN and the VP port is open, such consonants are nasal
If the velum is UP and touching the pharyngeal wall and the VP port is open, such sounds are ORAL
Name three secondary articulators
teeth, alveolar ridge, velum, hard palate
Cricopharyngeus
Function of the mentalis?
elevates the chin and pushes lower lip out (pout)
Respiration resumes after the ____ phase in swallowing
esophageal
If there were damage to this intrinsic facial muscle, what are some examples of sounds that would be difficult to produce?
Orbicularis oris (Involved in puckering lips)
- /w/, /u/, /s/
- bilabials
What is the difference between EXTRINSIC muscles of the tongue and INTRINSIC muscles of the tongue?
- Extrinsic muscles: gross movement (ex: hyoglossus and genioglossus retract tongue)
- Intrinsic muscles: fine adjustments of tongue and positioning within oral cavity (ex: inferior longitudinal pull tongue tip down and shortens)
regulating oral/nasal resonance through the VP port