Volcanic Hazards
Name at least 2 volcanic hazards that could occur before, during, or after a volcanic eruption.
Mudflows, Lava flows, Landslides, Volcanic ash, Volcanic gases, and Pyroclastic flow
What is a volcanologist?
a scientist who studies volcanoes and volcanic activity
True or False:
Volcanoes only form along plate boundaries.
False
While the vast majority, about 60%, of active volcanoes are located along plate boundaries, some, like those in the Hawaiian Islands, form within plates at areas called "hotspots".
When magma reaches the surface, it is called _______.
lava
What is the difference between mudflow and landslides?
mudflows are a specific type of fast-moving landslide characterized by a flow of water-saturated debris while landslides involve the movement of rock, earth, or debris down a slope
Can scientists predict the exact moment a volcanic eruption will occur? Why or why not?
No, scientists cannot predict the exact moment of a volcanic eruption. While they can identify signs of potential eruptions and monitor for changes in activity, the exact timing and scale of an eruption remain difficult to pinpoint.
Where are the majority of active volcanoes located?
Ring of Fire
Which volcanic mountain range spans the entire Pacific North West?
Cascades
What is pyroclastic flow?
a destructive, fast-moving current of hot, dry volcanic gas and ash that flows down the side of a volcano. It's a high-density mix of rock fragments, gas, and ash, and can travel at speeds of up to 200 mph
What are three things that scientists look at to determine the threat of a volcano?
Shape, eruptive style, and history of activity
What is the Alpide Belt and where is it located?
a major geological or seismic belt that stretches across Eurasia, characterized by a series of mountain ranges
What are some benefits of volcanic eruptions? (list at least 2)
Geothermal energy, promote fertile soil, provide minerals
What kind of safety measures do scientists take when taking samples at volcanic sites? (list at least 3)
goggles, gloves, full-body suits, and tools that allow for safe distancing
What are at least 3 factors that scientists use to predict volcanic eruptions?
How long did it take the Hawaiian Islands to form?
A. 5 million years
B. 5 billion years
C. 3 million years
D. 3 billion years
A. 5 million years
True or False:
There are approximately 169 potentially active volcanoes in the United States.
True, mostly occurring along the West Coast, Alaska, and the Hawaiian Islands
Which volcanic gases are emitted from volcanoes? (list at least 2)
Water vapor, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Hydrogen Fluoride
Name at least 2 technologies that can help scientists predict future volcanic eruptions.
Tiltmeters, GPS, Seismometers, Remote sensing, Satellite imaging, Gas analyzers, and Thermal infrared cameras
Which underwater Hawaiian island had a record of about 4,000 earthquakes in the span of 2 months?
Loihi
What is a caldera?
a large, bowl-shaped depression on the surface of a volcano, often filled with a lake, that forms when the volcano collapses after a large eruption empties the magma chamber