FBA
TRUE or FALSE: As an RBT, you will be the one conducting Functional Behavior Assessments.
FALSE. Your BCBA will conduct all assessments.
A plan describing what to do to change the likelihood of undesirable or challenging behaviors
Behavior Support Plan
An antecedent intervention in which 2-5 easy tasks with known history of learner compliance are presented in quick succession immediately before requesting the target task, or the low-p request.
High Probability Request Sequence (aka High-P or Behavior Momentum)
______ strategies include what to do after a behavior has occurred or is occurring to change the future dimension of that behavior.
Consequence
Differential Reinforcement of ____ Behavior (DRA) is a procedure that reinforces a behavior that functionally replaces the problem behavior and meets the same function.
EXAMPLE:
David calls out during class to get attention from teacher & peers. His therapist implements this DR where she reinforces David when he raises his hand for the teacher to call on him.
Alternative
Before a BCBA can determine the function of a person's behavior, they first conduct these assessments which are used to obtain information from the people who are familiar with the person exhibiting the problem behavior. Tools that they may use for these assessments could be: interviews, checklists, questionnaires and rating scales.
Indirect assessments
Which of the following is MOST likely an example of a challenging behavior that might have a BSP?
- Spinning
- Self-injurious behavior
- Repetitively clapping one's hands
Self-injurious behavior
*NOTE: If ANY kind of behavior interferes with a patient's safety, daily living or ability to learn, it could have a BSP
Also called FCT, this is a positive behavior support intervention designed to reduce problem behaviors by replacing them with appropriate and socially-acceptable communication, whether verbal or gestural.
Tools used for this could be: teaching appropriate words or gestures, pointing, PECS, AAC devices
Functional Communication Training
A consequence strategy in which reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued, as a result behavior decreases in the future.
Extinction
Differential Reinforcement of _____ Behavior (DRI) is a procedure that reinforces a behavior that physically cannot occur at the same time as the problem behavior.
EXAMPLE:
A patient has a habit of yelling out phrases from his favorite movies about 10 times per hour. A solution might be to have the patient whisper the movie phrases, act them out quietly, or quietly hum the parts.
Incompatible
After a BCBA conducts indirect assessments, they may use this next assessment method to directly observe and record the problem behavior and the surrounding events
Descriptive assessments
TRUE or FALSE: The BCBA will write a BSP for every single challenging behavior and we will attempt to change them all at once.
FALSE. We do NOT intervene on every single challenging behavior. We prioritize based on the amount of social significance.
The use of positive reinforcement that is not related to the occurrence of a target behavior. It involves delivering reinforcement on a fixed-time schedule independent of whether the individual exhibits the target behavior during the interval. This is called ______ Reinforcement (NCR).
Non-contingent
SCENARIO:
Marra engages in tantrum behavior to get out of cleaning her room. Previously, if Marra threw a tantrum, dad would clean her room for her. But now, the task or demand is not removed and dad prompts her to clean her room until the task is complete. Marra's dad is engaging in extinction for what function of behavior?
Escape extinction
Differential Reinforcement of ____ Behavior (DRO) is a procedure that reinforces the absence of the problem behavior on a predetermined interval.
EXAMPLE:
A girl who picks the skin of her palm is given a token for every 15 minutes that she doesn’t pick her palm. Her tokens are good for 1 minute of Candy Crush.
Other
When conducting a descriptive assessment of a patient's problem behavior, the BCBA will mostly likely be taking this kind of data which allows them to note what immediate events preceded it and what occurred as a consequence.
ABC Data Recording
TRUE or FALSE: Every patient will only have one BSP.
FALSE. Every patient will have one BSP for EACH one of their challenging behaviors.
_____ Response Training or PRT: This method is based on the idea that changes in these responses would spark widespread progress in other developmental areas.
Pivotal
SCENARIO:
Will likes to make his classmates laugh. When Will yells out in class, the teacher does not respond to any of his remarks or inappropriate jokes. The teacher also tells the rest of the class that they will get to go outside 5 minutes early to recess if they ignore Will’s jokes and the class complies. The teacher is engaging in extinction for what function of behavior?
Attention extinction
Differential Reinforcement of ____ of Behavior (DRH) is a procedure that reinforces more occurrences of a behavior.
EXAMPLE:
Mrs. Sadie wants Tim to contribute more in class during social studies. During this time, he seldom says a word. The teacher has indicated that Tim can have 10 minutes on the computer to play games if he will contribute at least three times during the class discussion.
High Rates
This is what you call the final analysis of the purpose of a problem behavior
Functional analysis
TRUE or FALSE: All of these are essential components of a Behavior Support Plan...
- Operational Definition
- Functions of Behavior
- Antecedent Strategies
- Consequence Strategies
- Reinforcement Strategies
- Safety Crisis Intervention Plan* (optional)
TRUE
Performing frequent _______ can also help to reduce the likelihood of challenging behavior from occurring.
A) Jumping Jacks
B) Preference Assessments
C) Forward Chains
B) Preference Assessments
SCENARIO:
Jane screams when her mom doesn't let her have ice cream. Her mom gives in and Jane gets ice cream when she screams.
Jane screams when not allowed to have ice cream. Her mom DOES NOT give her ice cream when she screams.
Her mom is engaging in extinction for what function of behavior?
Access extinction
Differential Reinforcement of ____ of Behavior (DRL) is a procedure that reinforces less occurrences of a behavior.
EXAMPLE:
Cathy thinks she knows all the answers and is constantly raising her hand in class. The instructor wants her to contribute but does not want her to monopolize the class discussion. She sets a limit for Cathy’s contributions at five. If Cathy limits her contributions to five during the period, she gets to be the teacher’s assistant for the next period. If she goes above five, another student is picked to be the assistant, and the teacher ignores her hand raises.
Low Rates