Folds & Faults
A type of fold is where rocks are folded upward in an arch
Anticline Fold
Great thicknesses of sedimentary rocks and/or volcanic rocks are deposited
Accumulation Stage
Biologic sedimentary rock that formed from the accumulation of billions of tiny plankton skeletons made of silica
Chert
The actual surface of the fault
Fault Plane
Most visited National Park
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
A type of fold where rocks are folded downward in a trough pattern
Syncline Fold
The mountain-building stage which begins while accumulation occurs, causes folding and faulting
Orogenic Stage
Fractures or cracks in the earth’s surface at which there is no displacement
Joints
The rock directly above the fault
Hanging Well
Very popular location for filming movies in the desert due to its proximity to Hollywood
Joshua Tree National Park
The breaking displacement of rock
Faults
The addition of exotic terranes to a continental land mass which is usually caused by intense plate collisions
Tectonic Accretion
A slightly metamorphosed chert with cryptocrystalline structure
Novaculite
The rock directly below the fault
Footwall
Hottest and driest place in the United States
Death Valley National Park
These are most common faults at transform boundaries such as those found at the bottom of the ocean, or on land
Strike-slip Faulting
The stable, interior portion of continent, usually very old crystalline rocks. The oldest rocks in the world are found here
Craton
The core of low-grade Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks faulted over each other, and there is extensive metamorphism, folding, and low-angle faulting
Metamorphic Core Complex
Tensional, or extensional, forces pull the rocks apart, create a fault, and the hanging wall falls down relative to the footwall
Normal Faulting
Home to the tallest tree in the world
Redwood National Park
Trace of the fault on the land surface or where you can see the fault
Fault Scarp
Occurs during isostatic rebound of crustal plates, after orogenic stage, surface weathering and erosion occurs during this stage
Crustal Extension, Block Faulting, and Uplift Stage
A mixture of diverse materials scraped off the top of the subducting oceanic plate
Mélange
Compressional forces push the rocks together, creating a fault, and the hanging wall is pushed up relative to the footwall
Reverse & Thrusting Fault
Smallest national park
Hot Springs National Park