Matter & States
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
The smallest chemical unit of matter
An Atom
Substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler
An element
Two or more atoms bonded together
a molecule
Substances below 7 on pH scale
acids
Basic states of matter from least heat to most heat
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
3 Main subatomic particles
proton, neutron, electron
Number on Periodic Table that tells how many protons an atom has
Atomic Number
Atoms with full valence shells are more __________ than elements without full valence shells.
stable (happy)
Substance that tastes bitter or chalky, feels slippery, and receives hydrogen ions
Base
Type of change where atoms or molecules stay the same, but form changes
physical change
particle that has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom
proton
There are this many elements on the Periodic Table
118
Atom that has lost an electron and now has a positive charge
cation
the pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each step increases by a factor of _____
10
Substance made of different elements or compounds physically (but not chemically) combined
a mixture
Particle that has almost no mass and moves in orbitals around the nucleus
electron
electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
Valence electrons
Atom that has gained an electron and now has a negative charge
anion
Substances that measure '7' on the pH scale
neutral
Substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together
compound
This determines what type of element an atom is
number of protons
The elements in the far right column on the periodic table are called the ____________ gases
Noble
Bond formed when atoms share electrons
covalent
Acids do this with hydrogen ions
donate