Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system is divided into what 2 systems?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Sensory receptors are classified in 3 ways. What are they?
Classified by location, type, or simple/complex
What are the 5 special senses?
Taste, smell, vision, hearing, balance
When a sound wave hits your ear, what is the first structure begins to vibrate?
Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
Where in the eye are rods and cones found?
Retina
The sympathetic neurons exit from what 2 parts of the spinal cord?
Thoracic and Lumbar regions
Pain from a kidney stone is detected by a somatic, visceral, or special receptor?
Visceral receptor
What are the 5 taste sensations?
sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami
What structure is considered the "organ of hearing"?
Cochlea
What is the colored part of the eye called?
Iris
What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on the heart?
Causes increase in the force of contraction and heart rate
What receptor detects heat and cold?
Thermoreceptors
What is the name of the cells in the nose responsible for smelling?
Olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium
A person has trouble maintaining balance while standing still. Would static or dynamic equilibrium be the source of the problem?
Static Equilibrium
Name one structure (in the eye) involved in the process of accommodation.
lens, ciliary body, suspensory ligaments
What effect of the sympathetic nervous system have on vision?
Dilation of the pupil, allows more light in, better peripheral and distance vision
What is the main difference between general and special senses?
General occurs all over body where a special sense occurs in one specific organ.
Are we able to taste warm or cold foods better? Why?
Heat causes molecules to move faster which increases the amount of chemicals that dissolve well in your saliva. Therefore, the taste of warm food is more intense.
What structure in the inner ear contains the cupula? Is it involved in dynamic or static equilibrium?
Semi-circular canals
Dynamic Equilibrium
What 2 structures of the eye help bend light so we can focus?
Cornea and lens
In the parasympathetic nervous system is the preganglionic neuron long or short? Is the postganglionic long or short?
The preganglionic neuron is long and synapses with a short postganglionic neuron.
Name a type of cutaneous receptor and its job.
Free nerve endings, hair follicle, Pacinian, Ruffini, Meissner, Merkel's disks
In order for us to smell, a substance must be 3 things. What are they?
Volatile, somewhat water soluble, somewhat lipid soluble
What is the smallest bone in the ear called? Is it in the outer, middle, or inner ear?
Stapes - middle ear
What is the condition in which a person has trouble seeing objects far away?
Myopia (nearsightedness)